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Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
- In an assessment of learning in Drosophila, flies were trained to avoid certain olfactory cues. In one population, a mean of 8.5 trials was required. A subgroup of this parental population that was trained most quickly (mean = 6.0) was interbred, and their progeny were examined. These flies demonstrated a mean training value of 7.5. Calculate realized heritability for olfactory learning in Drosophila.arrow_forwardsuppose that for sexually active male drosophila fruit flies in a particular genetic lab, the mean lifespan is 38.9 days, with a standard deviation of 12.0 days. When she experimentally removed all female from a simple random sample of 24 drosophila male flies in this lab, a researcher found that the 24 sexually inactive males had a mean lifespan of 62.5 days, with a standard deviation of 14.1 days. Answer the questions below about the experiment about testing whether sexually activity significantly affects the mean lifespan of Drosophila males. a. in this experiment what was the independent variable? b. in this experiment what was the dependent variable?arrow_forwardPropose a hypotheses for this observation: In a study conducted by an undergraduate student, he obtained data showing that approximately 75% of the European Northern human population demonstrate the expression of a phenotype directly associated with the homozygous dominant genotype, while 25% display the mutant phenotype despite their genotypes being homozygous dominant.arrow_forward
- In a study of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzyme in a population of Drosophila melanogaster, a researcher finds the following allele frequencies for the Fast (F) and Slow (S) alleles of the gene: FF=0.81, FS=0.18, SS=0.01. What is the allele frequency of the F allele?arrow_forwardEach graph below depicts reaction norms for three different genotypes reared in different environments. In which case(s) is/are VE> 0 (you can assume that graphs for parents and their offspring would be the same)? Mark all that apply Mean phenotype (a) (c) graph a graph b graph c graph d (b) (d) Environmentarrow_forwardA dominant mutation in Drosophila called Delta causes changes in wing morphology in Delta/Delta+ heterozygotes. Homozygosity for mutant alleles (Delta/Delta) is lethal prior to the adult stage. In a population of 150 adult flies, it was determined that 60 had normal wings and 90 had abnormal wings. What is the frequency of the mutant Delta allele in this population?arrow_forward
- Honey bee workers from a colony in North Carolina are visiting two food sites, A and B, at 6 am as shown below. Site A is 1500 m from the hive; site B is 300 m from the hive. Which of the following statements is true regarding the genetic basis of the bees’ ability to track the passage of time and compensate for the movement of the sun? a. The bees’ clock mechanism is based on the Amfor gene, which causes a build up of AMFOR protein in the corpora pedunculata that activates the Gp9 and UU genes, whose products degrade AMFOR in a 24 hour cycle. b. The bees’ clock mechanism is based on the per gene in the optic lobes, whose activity has a 24 hour cycle regulated by the dbt and tim genes. c. The bees’ clock mechanism is based on alternating expression of two alleles for the for gene in the subesophagael ganglion: the R allele which is active at night and the s allele which is active during the day. d. The bees’ clock mechanism is based on levels of eclosion hormone released from…arrow_forwardTwo alleles have been found at the X-linked phosphoglucomutase gene (Pgm) in a Drosophila persimilis population in California. The frequency of the PgmA allele is 0.3, while the frequency of the PgmB allele is 0.7. Assuming the population is at Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium, what are the expected genotype frequencies in males and females?arrow_forwardStudents in a genetics laboratory began an experiment in an attempt to increase heat tolerance in two strains of Drosophila melanogaster. One strain was trapped from the wild six weeks before the experiment was to begin; the other was obtained from a Drosophila repository at a university laboratory. In which strain would you expect to see the most rapid and extensive response to heat-tolerance selection, and why?arrow_forward
- In Drosophila melanogaster, wing shape is an autosomal trait. Vestigal wing is recessive (v) to the dominant trait for the normal long wings (V). In a mainland source population, the allele frequency of v is 0.02 . A small, experimental population of 100 flies was introduced on an island and had 20 flies with vestigal wings and 40 heterozygotes. What are the allele frequencies of V and v in this introduced population? What proportion (%) of heterozygotes and homozygous recessive flies would you expect to see after a few generations of mating on this island? What phenomenon of population genetics does this experiment demonstrate? p+q=1, p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1arrow_forwardIn the fly speciation experiment described in class, Drosophila from a single culture was split into four isolated cultures, 2 raised on maltose food and two on starch food. After forty generations all possible crosses were done between maltose and starch flies and between the two starch populations. Flies from different food types had very low mating frequencies compared to flies from the same food type but flies from different starch populations only mated at a very slightly lower rate than flies from the same starch population. How would you interpret this finding? Group of answer choices A. allopatric speciation is more powerful than sympatric speciation B. flies are incapable of evolution C. drift causes divergence more rapidly than selection D. sympatric speciation is more powerful than allopatric speciation E. selection causes divergence more rapidly than driftarrow_forwardIn a complementation cross between Drosophila wiltype(brown eyes). you get a 9:3:3:1 ratio with white eyes being the lowest ratio. what would account for the viabilty of this white mutant strain compared to the brown eyes wild type. additionally why would we see a more robust female population than male population.arrow_forward
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