Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133103721
Author: Stephen T. Thornton, Andrew Rex
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 4, Problem 11P
(a)
To determine
The energy of alpha particles that would be needed in head-on collisions for the nuclear surfaces to just touch for both aluminum and gold.
(b)
To determine
The energy of protons that would be needed in head-on collisions for the nuclear surfaces to just touch for both aluminum and gold.
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Students have asked these similar questions
2. The nuclear radius of gold is approximately r = 7.0 fm (1.0 fm = 1.0 × 10-15 m). The radii of protons and a
particles are 1.3 fm and 2.6 fm, respectively. (a) What energy a particles would be needed in head-on
collision for the nuclear surfaces to just touch? (This is about where the nuclear force becomes effective.)
(b) What energy protons would be needed?
Now you have a nucleus with 20 protons at x = 7.9 Angstroms on the x-axis. How much work would it take to bring in ANOTHER nucleus with 4 protons from 1 m away and place it at y = 7.0 Angstroms on the y-axis?
Question 10 options:
A
50.4 eV
B
100.8 eV
C
-8.2 eV
D
109.0 eV
2. The nuclear radius of gold is approximately r = 7.0 fm (1.0 fm = 1.0 x 10-15 m). The radii of protons and aparticles are 1.3 fm and 2.6 fm, respectively. (a) What energy a particles would be needed in head-oncollision tor the nuclear surtaces to just touch? This is about where the nuclear torce becomes etective.(b) What energy protons would be needed?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1QCh. 4 - Prob. 2QCh. 4 - Prob. 3QCh. 4 - Prob. 4QCh. 4 - Prob. 5QCh. 4 - Prob. 6QCh. 4 - Prob. 7QCh. 4 - Prob. 8QCh. 4 - Prob. 9QCh. 4 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 4 - Prob. 11QCh. 4 - Prob. 12QCh. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 2PCh. 4 - Prob. 3PCh. 4 - Prob. 4PCh. 4 - Prob. 5PCh. 4 - Prob. 6PCh. 4 - Prob. 7PCh. 4 - What fraction of 5-MeV α particles will be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9PCh. 4 - Prob. 10PCh. 4 - Prob. 11PCh. 4 - Prob. 12PCh. 4 - Prob. 13PCh. 4 - Prob. 14PCh. 4 - Prob. 15PCh. 4 - Prob. 16PCh. 4 - Prob. 17PCh. 4 - Prob. 18PCh. 4 - Prob. 19PCh. 4 - Prob. 20PCh. 4 - Prob. 21PCh. 4 - Prob. 22PCh. 4 - Prob. 23PCh. 4 - Prob. 24PCh. 4 - Prob. 25PCh. 4 - Prob. 26PCh. 4 - Prob. 27PCh. 4 - Prob. 28PCh. 4 - Prob. 29PCh. 4 - Prob. 30PCh. 4 - Prob. 31PCh. 4 - Prob. 32PCh. 4 - Prob. 33PCh. 4 - Prob. 34PCh. 4 - Prob. 35PCh. 4 - Prob. 36PCh. 4 - Prob. 37PCh. 4 - Prob. 38PCh. 4 - Prob. 39PCh. 4 - Prob. 40PCh. 4 - Prob. 41PCh. 4 - Prob. 42PCh. 4 - Prob. 43PCh. 4 - Prob. 44PCh. 4 - Prob. 45PCh. 4 - Prob. 46PCh. 4 - Prob. 47PCh. 4 - Prob. 48PCh. 4 - Prob. 49PCh. 4 - Prob. 50PCh. 4 - Prob. 51PCh. 4 - Prob. 52PCh. 4 - Prob. 54PCh. 4 - Prob. 55PCh. 4 - Prob. 56PCh. 4 - Prob. 57PCh. 4 - Prob. 59PCh. 4 - Prob. 60PCh. 4 - Prob. 61P
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- A beam of alpha particles is incident on a target of lead. A particular alpha particle comes in “head-on” to a particular lead nu- cleus and stops 6.50 * 10-14 m away from the center of the nucleus. (This point is well outside the nucleus.) Assume that the lead nucleus, which has 82 protons, remains at rest. The mass of the alpha particle is 6.64 * 10-27 kg. (a) Calculate the electrostatic potential energy at the instant that the alpha particle stops. Express your result in joules and in MeV. (b) What initial kinetic energy (in joules and in MeV) did the alpha particle have? (c) What was the initial speed of the alpha particle?arrow_forwardThe figure provided shows the potential energy of a proton, q = +e, and a lead nucleus, q = +82e. If a proton is fired toward a lead nucleus from very far away with kinetic energy K = 3.00×10-12 J, how much kinetic energy does it have when it is 20.0 fm from the nucleus and moving toward it, before the collision? 5.00×10-12 J 4.00×10-12 J 3.00×10-12 J 2.00×10-12 Jarrow_forwardA beam of alpha particles is incident on a target of lead. A particular alpha particle comes in “head-on” to a particular lead nucleu and stops 6.50 * 10-14 m away from the center of the nucleus. (This point is well outside the nucleus.) Assume that the lead nucleus, which has 82 protons, remains at rest. The mass of the alpha particle is 6.64 * 10-27 kg. (a) Calculate the electrostatic potential energy at the instant that the alpha particle stops. Express your result in joules and in MeV. (b) What initial kinetic energy (in joules and in MeV) did the alpha particle have? (c) What was the initial speed of the alpha particle?arrow_forward
- Protons are incident on a copper foil 12 μm thick. 4 (a) What should be the proton kinetic energy in order that the distance of closest approach equal the nuclear radius (5.0 fm)? (b) If the proton energy were 7.5 MeV, what is the impact parameter for scattering at 120°? (c) What isarrow_forwardwhat is the range of a 10 MeV proton in air at 10 Atm ( in mm ) ? Please use the above unit ( mm ) to solve this problemarrow_forwardNow you have a nucleus with 17 protons at x = 5.8 Angstroms on the x-axis. How much work would it take to bring in ANOTHER nucleus with 14 protons from 1 m away and place it at y = 8.0 Angstroms on the y-axis?arrow_forward
- A solid copper sphere whose radius is 1.0 cm has a verythin surface coating of nickel. Some of the nickel atoms areradioactive, each atom emitting an electron as it decays. Halfof these electrons enter the copper sphere, each depositing 100 keVof energy there.The other half of the electrons escape, each carryingaway a charge e.The nickel coating has an activity of 3.70 *10^8 radioactivedecays per second. The sphere is hung from a long, nonconductingstring and isolated from its surroundings. (a) How longwill it take for the potential of the sphere to increase by 1000 V? (b)How long will it take for the temperature of the sphere to increaseby 5.0 K due to the energy deposited by the electrons? The heatcapacity of the sphere is 14 J/K.arrow_forward.A neutral sodium atom has an ionization potential of 5.1 eV from its ground state.(1) What is the speed of a free electron that has just barely enough kinetic energy tocollisionally ionize a sodium atom in its ground state?(2) What is the speed of a free proton with just enough energy to collisionlly ionize thisatom?(3) What is the temperature of a gas in which the average electron kinetic energy is justbarely sufficient to ionize a sodium atom in its ground state?arrow_forwardAn alpha particle is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 35 MV. What is the kinetic energy of the alpha particle, in MeV? Answer:arrow_forward
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