Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
For the given ion, all the resonance structures are to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
If a molecule or ion has one of the following features, another resonance structure will exist:
- A lone pair on an atom adjacent to a multiple bond
- An atom with incomplete octet next to a multiple bond or next to an atom with one or more lone pairs.
- Alternating double/triple and single bonds.
The movement of an electron pair is shown with a curved arrow, starting at the pair and ending on the atom or region where it moves. The movement must be from a relatively electron rich atom or region to a relatively electron deficient atom or region.
(b)
Interpretation:
For the given ion, all the resonance structures are to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
If a molecule or ion has one of the following features, another resonance structure will exist:
- A lone pair on an atom adjacent to a multiple bond
- An atom with incomplete octet next to a multiple bond or next to an atom with one or more lone pairs.
- Alternating double/triple and single bonds.
The movement of an electron pair is shown with a curved arrow starting at the pair and ending on the atom or region where it moves. The movement must be from a relatively electron rich atom or region to a relatively electron deficient atom or region.
(c)
Interpretation:
For the given ion, all the resonance structures are to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
If a molecule or ion has one of the following features, another resonance structure will exist:
- A lone pair on an atom adjacent to a multiple bond
- An atom with incomplete octet next to a multiple bond or next to an atom with one or more lone pairs.
- Alternating double/triple and single bonds.
The movement of an electron pair is shown with a curved arrow starting at the pair and ending on the atom or region where it moves. The movement must be from a relatively electron rich atom or region to a relatively electron deficient atom or region.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- Compute the formal charge (FC) on each atom in the following structures. (b) The hydronium ion, H3O+arrow_forwardCompute the formal charge (FC) on each atom in the following structures.(a) Methane (CH4)arrow_forwardDraw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure givenarrow_forward
- Give only typing answer with explanation and conclusion What is the formal charge of the indicated atom?arrow_forwardProblem Name each of the following anions and give the name and formula of the acid derived from it: (a) Br-; (b) IO3 -; (c) CN-; (d) SO4 2-; (e) NO2 -.arrow_forwardConsider the Lewis structure shown for thionitromethane. Draw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure given.arrow_forward
- The structure shown below is missing formal charges, but all electrons are shown. What is the formal charge on (A) the oxygen atom (B) the nitrogen atom and (C) the carbon atom that is double-bonded to the nitrogen ? N.arrow_forwardThe curved arrow notation introduced in Section 1.6B is a powerfulmethod used by organic chemists to show the movement of electronsnot only in resonance structures, but also in chemical reactions.Because each curved arrow shows the movement of two electrons,following the curved arrows illustrates what bonds are broken andformed in a reaction. Consider the following three-step process. (a) Addcurved arrows in Step [1] to show the movement of electrons. (b) Use thecurved arrows drawn in Step [2] to identify the structure of X. X isconverted in Step [3] to phenol and HCl.arrow_forwardDraw all reasonable resonance structures for the following compounds. Be sure to show the proper arrows to indicate electron movementarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning