Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 9TYPSS
The average height of humans in industrialized nations has increased steadily for the past 100 years. This trait has clearly changed over time. Most physicians and human geneticists hypothesize that the change is due to better nutrition and a reduced incidence of disease. Has human height evolved?
a. Yes, because average height has changed over time.
b. No, because changes in height due to nutrition and reduced incidence of disease are not heritable.
c. Yes, because height is a heritable trait.
d. No, because height is not a heritable trait.
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Students have asked these similar questions
On average, Black Americans have shorter life expectancies than White Americans. Which of the following contributes to this difference? A. In recent years, alcohol and opioid abuse have had the biggest impact on life expectancies for Black Amerians relative to any other racial or ethnic groups. B. Black Americans are more likely to have regualr cancer screenings and so have a higher recorded incidence of cancer. C. The youngest generations of Black American are less health than older generations, so health amoung Black Americans has been getting worse over time. D. Black Americans ten to receive lower-quality care and spend less time with medical practitioners than White Americans do.
What is an example of evolutionary mismatch in modern day humans?
A. Fruits and vegetables were disadvantageous for early humans to eat, but they are healthy for modern humans.
B. Fatty and sugary foods were advantageous for early humans to eat, but they are overly abundant in modern times and contribute to obesity.
C. Fatty and sugary foods were disadvantageous for early humans to eat, and they are overly abundant in modern times and contribute to obesity in modern humans.
D. Evolutionary mismatch is not a real concept.
Which of the following individuals would be considered to have the greatest evolutionary fitness?
a. Olympic speed skater with one child
b. an overweight person with three children
c. a woman who had six children, none of whom (the children) survived to adulthood
d. a single mom who adopted eight children
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 22 - True or false? Some trails are considered...Ch. 22 - CAUTION Why does the presence of extinct forms and...Ch. 22 - 3. Trails that are derived from a common ancestor,...Ch. 22 - CAUTION How can evolutionary fitness be estimated?...Ch. 22 - 5. CAUTION According to data presented in this...Ch. 22 - Some biologists summarize evolution by natural...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 22 - SOCIETY Explain why the overprescription of...Ch. 22 - 9. The average height of humans in industrialized...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10TYPSS
Ch. 22 - How can natural selection on mouse color be...Ch. 22 - 12. CAUTION What is an evolutionary adaptation?
a....Ch. 22 - Apply Darwin’s four postulates to a population of...Ch. 22 - 14. PROCESS OF SCIENCE A team lead by evolutionary...Ch. 22 - Prob. 15PIATCh. 22 - 16. PROCESS OF SCIENCE When a statistical test was...
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- According to "The Complex Evolution of Homo sapiens", all early Homo sapiens looked the same. They did not have any archaic traits. A. True B.Falsearrow_forwardDarwin's concept of evolution "the theory of decent with modification through variation and natural selection" can best be demonstrated by which of the following examples? a. A giraffe stretches his neck to reach higher branches. The exercise of stretching up strengthens the muscles in the giraffe's neck and legs. This ability to stretch is also seen in the giraffe's offspring. b. A monkey accidentally drops her fruit in the salty water of a bay. She recovers the fruit and eats it. She discovers the fruit is cleaner and tastes better after it has been in the salty water. She continues to wash the fruit in the bay before eating it. Her offspring see what she has done and also wash their fruit in the salty water. Soon, the whole population of monkeys is washing their fruit. c. Several turtles hatch from a clutch of eggs buried in the sand on a beach. One of the turtles is the color of the sand; the others are darker in color. The turtles scurry toward the water,…arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between evolution, natural selection, and artificial selection? A. Evolution is a genetic change in a population over time which can occur through natural selection. Artificial selection is the differential reproduction of individuals in a population to promote the characteristics chosen by the breeder. B. Natural selection is the change of allele frequencies in a population over time. Evolution leads to differential survival and reproduction of individuals. Artificial selection has produced domesticated animals and plants. C. Evolution is a mechanism of artificial selection. Natural selection is a form of artificial selection in which nature selects the characteristics that are most beneficial to a species. D. Artificial selection is a mechanism of evolution and is the main process of domesticating animals and plants for human use. Natural selection is the same as evolution.arrow_forward
- Which statement is least relevant when examining traits considered as adaptations? A. Not every trait or use of a trait in an organism ia an adaptation. B. Mutations can result in maladaptive traits. C. Differences for a trait among populations or species are not always adapative D. Not every adaptation is perfect or unflawed.arrow_forwardIf race is not a biological concept, is it still useful to study race? A. Yes, because race actually is a biological concept that is supported by science. B. No, it's not useful. C. Yes, because race is a social concept and racism can cause inequalities that affect people's lives and health. D. Yes, because race is a social concept but racism doesn't affect people's lives.arrow_forwardA ship was caught in a storm and landed on a small island in the middle of the South Pacific. For generations, no one encountered this small colony who, despite the odds, made a thriving settlement on their island. After many years, what characteristics would be unique about this island population? a. The people would look very different from each other, and may have evolved some odd characteristics that aren't seen in other humans. b. The people would look very different from each other, and may exhibit abnormally high occurrences of genetic diseases that are rare in the general human population. c.The people would look very similar to each other, and may exhibit abnormally high occurrences of genetic diseases that are rare in the general human population. d. The people would no longer be considered humans after evolving independently for several generations.arrow_forward
- In the fox taming experiment, two groups of foxes are selected for breeding. What trait(s) did the scientists use for selecting which animals they would breed? There is ONE correct answer. A. Brain Size and Eyesight B. Fur Color and Hearing C. Human Tolerance and Intolerance D. Heat and Cold Tolerancearrow_forwardWhy are humans so genetically similar within our species? A. Because humans evolved in multiple locations around the world at different times. B. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we have existed as a species for very long time. C. Because humans evolved in one location (Africa) and we haven't existed as a species for very long. D. Humans are not very genetically similar to one another.arrow_forwardWhen people think about living to an age far outside of normal expectations – say to 120 or even 150 years of age – they tend to think about their own lives and what they would do with such time. Extending the human lifespan to such lengths, however, might have drastic implications for public policy and the planet as a whole. Do you think that such an increased lifespan would be good for the population? Why or why not? Be thorough in your discussion of these factors.arrow_forward
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