![Biological Science (6th Edition)](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780321976499/9780321976499_largeCoverImage.gif)
Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 22, Problem 15PIAT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The observations made using the data provided and to explain the data supports or rejects the given hypothesis that mouse color is adaptive.
Introduction:
The adaptation is the heritable trait and is not determined on the individual level rather it is works on the population level. The fitness is favored for the trait over the generation of time and is then adapted to the less fitness trait.
The white and brown mouse is placed by the researchers in the abandoned fields and on sand dunes on the islands. The percentage of the models, which were attacked by the predators was measured and the graph was provided.
Expert Solution & Answer
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Students have asked these similar questions
It was later discovered in Cliff Tabin’s lab that a gene called Bmp4 involved in cell-cell signaling during beak development is partly responsible for beak depth in ground finches (Abzhanov et al., 2004). Alleles that increase Bmp4 expression increase the depth of the beaks, and were most likely selected for during the drought in 1977 (Abzhanov et al., 2004). In 2001, ground finches were collected from Daphne major and genotypes were analyzed at this particular locus.
Phenotype
Genotype
Number of Individuals
Observed Genotype Frequency
Low Bmp4 expression
AA
491
?
Low Bmp4 expression
Aa
336
?
High Bmp4 expression
aa
552
?
In 2009, allele frequencies were measured again on Daphne major for this particular gene.
Phenotype
Genotype
Number of Individuals
Observed Genotype Frequency
Low Bmp4 expression
AA
706
?
Low Bmp4 expression
Aa
493
?
High Bmp4 expression…
An early study found that postal workers who worked in the office had higher rates of coronary heart disease than those who delivered mail on foot. The investigators concluded that physical activity is inversely related to risk of developing coronary heart disease. Sceptics disagreed, pointing out that the postal clerks were older than the postal carriers, and that age is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. This argument highlights the possible role of:
-Chance?
-Selection bias?
-Recall bias?
-Confounding?
A population of rodents establishes itself in a habitat that has previously been colonized by its same species. Soon after, the construction of an engineering work causes habitat degradation, which causes the total population to slow down. As time passes, the degradation is greater.a) Formulate mathematically the variation of the population size N of the rodent population at time t, first for the situation described without engineering work and then for the scenario with engineering work. Define the necessary parameters for your model. b) Indicate the equilibrium values of the population N.c) By what time should the population be extinct?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 22 - True or false? Some trails are considered...Ch. 22 - CAUTION Why does the presence of extinct forms and...Ch. 22 - 3. Trails that are derived from a common ancestor,...Ch. 22 - CAUTION How can evolutionary fitness be estimated?...Ch. 22 - 5. CAUTION According to data presented in this...Ch. 22 - Some biologists summarize evolution by natural...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 22 - SOCIETY Explain why the overprescription of...Ch. 22 - 9. The average height of humans in industrialized...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10TYPSS
Ch. 22 - How can natural selection on mouse color be...Ch. 22 - 12. CAUTION What is an evolutionary adaptation?
a....Ch. 22 - Apply Darwin’s four postulates to a population of...Ch. 22 - 14. PROCESS OF SCIENCE A team lead by evolutionary...Ch. 22 - Prob. 15PIATCh. 22 - 16. PROCESS OF SCIENCE When a statistical test was...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider the data that are summarised in the figure i. The data in part (a) are consistent with the hypothesis that alarm calling only in female black-tailed prairie dogs evolved in accordance with kin selection. ii. On the basis of the data in part (a), male black-tailed prairie dogs without kin in their home coteries almost are as likely (i.e., within 10%) to produce alarm calls as are female black-tailed prairie dogs with kin in their home coteries.iii. On the basis of the data in the figure, males and females produce alarm calls more often when the kin that they live with are offspring than when the kin that they live with are parents and siblings.iv. On the basis of the data in part (b), alarm calls in black-tailed prairie dogs constitute merely parental care (i.e., rather than altruism).v. On the basis of the data in part (b), mean alarm calling percentage is greater for male black-tailed prairie dogs than for female black-tailed prairie dogs. Question 2 options:…arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion During adaptation what qualifies as the principle Darwinian "individual" in populations that are being shaped by this process?arrow_forwardTo say that a feature is adaptive is unsatisfying unless we have some idea of what it is adaptive for: by what mechanism did it increase fitness? What is its function?arrow_forward
- Bayesian updating can be a useful tool for thinking about the development of behavior. Imagine the following scenario with respect to an animal’s knowledge of the average density of food in patches in their environment. Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of this Bayesian view of this animal? Their environment is much richer in food resources than expected Their confidence in their assessment of the state of the environment is greater after they go out and sample the world Their environment is less rich than expected – perhaps there is a drought that has caused a crash in food availability relative to historical conditions All of the abovearrow_forwardWhat is the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) for the payoff matrix below? Cat challenger versus cat opponent = 7 Cat challenger versus dog opponent = 15 Dog challenger versus cat opponent = 10 Dog challenger versus dog opponent = 3arrow_forwardRecall how Anolis carolinensis species on several islands off the Florida coast adapted to the arrival if invasive A. sagrei by growing bigger toepads, for easier climbing higher up in trees. Suppose an allele increasing topead size was intiially present at a frequency of 0.05. How much would it have to increase fitness in order to reach a frequency of at least 0.9 within 10 generations?arrow_forward
- Scientists had a question on if the fur color of mice confer a selective advantage. 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 Figure 8. Redrawn from Vignieri, Larson, & Hockstra (2010). In a 2010 paper, Vignieri et al. (2010) made models of mice out of dark and light colors of clay, and placed them in two separate habitats that had different colored soils. When they collected the models, they recorded the number of tooth and bill imprints made by visually oriented predators like birds and mammals. a) Identify the independent and dependent variables of this experiement. b) Using data from the graph, discuss the fitness consequences for mice that are mismatched for their environment. c) Considering only the results of this one experiment, rank your level of confidence in the interpretation that mouse fur color has fitness consequences (use a scale of 1-5, where 5 is absolutely convinced, 3 is neutral, and 1 is unconvinced). Justify your choice. Proportion of Attacks ortlon of Attacksarrow_forwardDescribe the similarities and differences between the stabilizing, directional, and disruptive selection models.arrow_forwardUsing the concept of inclusive fitness (and kin selection), explain how altruistic behavior (e.g. where an individual protects for another, even at their own expense) can evolve by natural selection? Make sure to explain what inclusive fitness is. (remember the concentric circles on the slide)arrow_forward
- In this version of the simulation (500 population size; 500 carrying capacity), all fish are equally likely (though not 100% likely) to survive and reproduce. There are no mutations, nor are there any entering or leaving the population. When they reproduce, they choose a mate from the pool at random and produce ten offspring by chance with the probability of the offspring’s genotypes determined by the punnett square. What caused the allele frequencies to change and vary in the trials? (ex attached).arrow_forwardHow does the optimization of fitness explain the results from experiments on central place foraging and risk- sensitive foraging ?arrow_forwardThe five different predator phenotypes will be represented equally at the start of the simulation. Do you think the distribution of phenotypes will change throughout the simulation? Explain your response.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780134580999/9780134580999_smallCoverImage.gif)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781947172517/9781947172517_coverImage_Textbooks.gif)
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259398629/9781259398629_smallCoverImage.gif)
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780815344322/9780815344322_smallCoverImage.gif)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781260159363/9781260159363_smallCoverImage.gif)
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781260231700/9781260231700_smallCoverImage.gif)
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education