Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321971371
Author: Leroy G. Wade, Jan W. Simek
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 2.1A, Problem 2.1P
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: The amount of charge separation in the given
Interpretation: The amount of charge separation in the given
Concept introduction: The polarity of an individual bond is measured as its bond dipole moment. A quantity that describes two opposite charges separated by a distance is the dipole moment. The dipole moment is calculated by the formula,
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: The relative importance of the given two resonance contributors.
Interpretation: The relative importance of the given two resonance contributors is to be evaluated.
Concept introduction: The delocalization of electrons due to the presence of lone pair of electrons and double bond is called resonance. The resonance structure is more stable if there are more resonating structures. In resonance forms of any compound, the connectivity of atoms is same but the distribution of electrons is different. Resonance helps to explain the structure and reactivity of organic molecules.
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On 6b, why are the two Br on the 2nd carbon and not the 3rd??
D. Calculate the enthalpy of dissociation (or bond energy) of the X-X bond. Treat multiplication as
consecutive addition for the purpose of sig. figs.
Reaction
AH value
Reaction/Process
Enthalpy of
sublimation of M
i.
AHsub = 137 kJ/mol
First ionization energy
of M
i.
AHIE1 = 765 kJ/mol
->
AHIE2 = 1221
kJ/mol
Second ionization
iii.
energy of M
AHIE3 = 7453
kJ/mol
Third ionization
iv.
energy of M
Enthalpy of
dissociation of X2 (g)
AHD = ??
V.
AHEA1 = -366
kJ/mol
First electron affinity
of X
%3!
vi.
AHlattice = -5230.
kJ/mol
vii.
Lattice energy of MX3
Enthalpy of formation
vii.
M (s) + X2 (g)
MX3 (s)
AH:
= 3882 kJ/mol
of MX3
a) Rank the following bonds in order of decreasing strength (decreasing bond dissociation energies: BDE), from strongest to weakest, and briefly explain your answer. O-H, O-C, C=O, O=O
b) Rank the following bonds in order of decreasing strength (decreasing bond dissociation energies: BDE), from strongest to weakest, and briefly explain your answer. N-H, N=N, N=C, N≡N
Chapter 2 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
Ch. 2.1A - Prob. 2.1PCh. 2.1B - The NF bond is more polar than the NH bond: but...Ch. 2.1B - For each of the following compounds 1. Draw the...Ch. 2.1B - Two isomers of 1,2-dichloroethene are known One...Ch. 2.2C - Prob. 2.5PCh. 2.2C - Prob. 2.6PCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2.7PCh. 2.4 - Calculate the pH of the following solutions a....Ch. 2.6A - Ammonia appears in Table 2-2 as both an acid and a...Ch. 2.7 - Write equations for the following acid-base...
Ch. 2.7 - Ethanol, methylamine. and acetic acid are all...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12PCh. 2.10 - Write equations for the following acid-base...Ch. 2.10 - Rank the following acids in decreasing order of...Ch. 2.11 - Prob. 2.15PCh. 2.11 - Prob. 2.16PCh. 2.11 - Consider each pair of bases and explain which one...Ch. 2.12 - Which is a stronger base ethoxide ion or acetate...Ch. 2.12 - Prob. 2.19PCh. 2.12 - Prob. 2.20PCh. 2.12 - Prob. 2.21PCh. 2.12 - Choose the more basic member of each pair of...Ch. 2.14 - Prob. 2.23PCh. 2.15D - Classify the following hydrocarbons and draw a...Ch. 2.16D - Prob. 2.25PCh. 2.17C - Draw a Lewis structure and classify each of the...Ch. 2.17C - Circle the functional groups in the following...Ch. 2 - The CN triple bond in acetonitrile has a dipole...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.29SPCh. 2 - Sulfur dioxide has a dipole moment of 1.60 D....Ch. 2 - Which of the following pure compounds can form...Ch. 2 - Predict which member of each pair is more soluble...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.33SPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.34SPCh. 2 - Predict which compound in each pair has the higher...Ch. 2 - All of the following compounds can react as acids...Ch. 2 - Rank the following species in order of increasing...Ch. 2 - Rank the following species in order of increasing...Ch. 2 - The Ka of phenylacetic acid is 5 2 105, and the...Ch. 2 - The following compound can become protonated on...Ch. 2 - The following compounds are listed in increasing...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.42SPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.43SPCh. 2 - Compare the relative acidity of 1-molar aqueous...Ch. 2 - The following compounds can all react as acids. a....Ch. 2 - The following compounds can all react as bases. a....Ch. 2 - The following compounds can all react as acids. a....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.48SPCh. 2 - Methyllithium (CH3Li) is often used as a base in...Ch. 2 - Label the reactants in these acid-base reactions...Ch. 2 - In each reaction, label the reactants as Lewis...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.52SPCh. 2 - Each of these compounds can react as a nucleophile...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.54SPCh. 2 - Give a definition and an example for each class of...Ch. 2 - Circle the functional groups in the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.57SP
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