Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 2CAE
In 1864, Lister observed that patients recovered completely from simple fractures, but that compound fractures had “disastrous consequences.” He knew that the application of phenol (carbolic acid) to fields in the town of Carlisle prevented cattle disease. Lister treated compound fractures with phenol, and his patients recovered without complications. How was Lister influenced by Pasteur’s work? Why was Koch’s work still needed?
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How might the work of Winogradsky and Beijerinck have contributed to research on bacterial pathogens? Conversely, how might Koch and Pasteur have influenced Winogradsky’s and Beijerinck’s study of microbial ecology?
Choose the false statement: (Regarding Pasteur’s famous experiment) The swan necked flasks were important because they allowed the broth to remain sterile, while still remaining open to the atmosphere. Pasteur’s work with the swan neck flasks was only of importance to the food industry; his work occurred long before anyone, including Pasteur, had any awareness that diseases could be caused by microscopic agents. The swan necked flasks were used to prove that life could only arise from pre-existing cells.
Discuss the contributions of Lister, Pasteur, and Koch to the germ theory of disease and the treatment or prevention of diseases. What other contributions did Koch make to microbiology?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 1 - Review 1. How did the idea of spontaneous...Ch. 1 - Briefly state the role microorganisms play in each...Ch. 1 - Into which field of microbiology would the...Ch. 1 - Match the microorganisms in column A to their...Ch. 1 - Match the people in column A to their contribution...Ch. 1 - It is possible to purchase the following...Ch. 1 - NAME IT What type of microorganism has a...Ch. 1 - DRAW IT Show where airborne microbes ended up in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 1 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...
Ch. 1 - Which of the following is the most important...Ch. 1 - Recombinant DNA is a. DNA in bacteria. b. the...Ch. 1 - Which of the following statements is the best...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is a beneficial activity of...Ch. 1 - It has been said that bacteria are essential for...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 1 - Spallanzanis conclusion about spontaneous...Ch. 1 - Which of the following statements about E. coli is...Ch. 1 - How did the theory of biogenesis lead the way for...Ch. 1 - Even though the germ theory of disease was not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3ACh. 1 - Find at least three supermarket products made by...Ch. 1 - People once believed all microbial diseases would...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1CAECh. 1 - In 1864, Lister observed that patients recovered...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3CAE
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Describe the four major events in the early history of microbiology. Define spontaneous generation and outline the experiment by Pasteur that refuted spontaneous generation. Describe the three major events discussed in the “Golden age” of microbiology. Define chemotherapy. List the key figures and their contributions to the discovery of antibiotics.arrow_forwardWhat did pasteur prove when he showed that a cotton plug that had filtered air would trigger microbial growth when transferred to a sterile medium?what argument made previously was he addressingarrow_forwardExplain and contrast the Pasteur and Crabtree effects.arrow_forward
- what is the connection between the microbiologists Pasteur, Lancefield, Doudna and Semmelweis?arrow_forwardPut Koch’s postulates in order.(a) The disease organism must be isolated in pure culture.(b) The disease organism must be recovered from the in-oculated animal.(c) The specific causative agent must be found in every caseof the disease.(d) Inoculation of a sample of the culture into a healthy, sus-ceptible animal must produce the same disease.arrow_forwardUse the following diagram to explain how Pasteur’s swan-necked flasks prevent contamination of sterile broth the flasks.Describe what happens to the sterile broth (a) after it has beenallowed to cool as in (b). What happens to the broth after theflask has been tipped enough to let the broth come in contactwith the dust and microorganisms and is tipped back as in (c)?arrow_forward
- The microbiology department is celebrating the end of the school year in May by holding its traditional picnic on the green. The speeches drag on for a couple of hours, but finally all the faculty and students can dig into the food: chicken salad, tomatoes, onions, salad, and custard pie. By evening, the whole department, except for two vegetarian students who did not eat the chicken salad, is stricken with nausea, vomiting, retching, and abdominal cramping. Several individuals complain of diarrhea. One patient shows signs of shock (low blood pressure). Blood and stool samples are collected from patients, and an analysis of all foods served at the meal is conducted. Bacteria can cause gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract) either by colonizing and replicating in the host, which is considered an infection, or by secreting toxins, which is considered intoxication. Signs and symptoms of infections are typically delayed, whereas intoxication manifests within…arrow_forwardWhat are the contributions of Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch in the field of microbiology?arrow_forwardAttached below is the study about the effects of handwashing and the effectiveness of soap against bacteria. What conclusions can be generated from this result? A C before washing hands 10 second hand wash B D hot water only rinse 30 second hand wash Figure 8: Agar plates with bacteria A) before washing hands B) after rinsing hands in hot water C) After washing hands with soap for 10 seconds and D) after washing hands for 30 seconds. Images show that the number of bacteria on the plate are not greatly reduced after a hot water rinse or 10 second handwash but bacterial levels are reduced after a proper hand wash for 30 seconds.arrow_forward
- What is the ultimate way that microbes will, as Pasteur said, have the“last word”?arrow_forwardWhat would the results of Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiment have looked like if they supported the theory of spontaneous generation? B. What did Pasteur's experiments not prove? C. How would the presence of endospores in Louis Pasteur's nutrient solutions have affected his conclusions about spontaneous generation?arrow_forwardDescribe the experiments Pasteur used to disprove theidea of spontaneous generationarrow_forward
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