Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 4, Problem 7P
Venus’s average distance from the Sun is 0.72 AU and Saturn’s is 9.54 AU. Calculate the circular orbital velocity of Venus and Saturn around the Sun. (Notes: The mass of the Sun is
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(to two decimal places): (what is ‘h’?)
Eccentricity of earth orbit is 0.0167
µ(sun) = 1.32712E+11 km^3/s^
semimajor axis of Earth orbit = 1.49598E+08
need to figure out what ‘h’ is.
a) Calculate the speed of the earth around the sun at aphelion? (29.29 KM/S)
b) At perihelion? (30.29 KM/S)
Io orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 4.22 105 km with an orbital period of 0.00485 yr. The Moon, which is one of the satellites of the Earth, orbits its parent at an average distance of 3.84 105 km with an orbital period of 0.07481 yr.
(a) Use the above information to find the orbital speeds of Io around Jupiter and of the Moon around the Earth.
vMoon
=
m/s
vIo
=
m/s
(b) What is the expression for the mass M of the parent in terms of the orbital speed v of the satellite, the orbital radius R of the satellite and the gravitational constant G? (Do not substitute numerical values; use variables only.)M = (c) Now use your answers from parts (a) and (b) to find the ratio of the mass of the Earth to that of Jupiter.
ME
MJ
The solar system has a planet with an orbital period T1b=1.51d and an orbital radius of R1b=1.6456x10^6km. Another planet in the system has an orbital radius of R1f=5.5352x10^6 km. Calculate its orbital period in days.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 4 - Why did Greek astronomers conclude that the...Ch. 4 - Why did classical astronomers conclude that Earth...Ch. 4 - How did the Ptolemaic model explain retrograde...Ch. 4 - In what ways were the models of Ptolemy and...Ch. 4 - Why did the Copernican hypothesis win gradual...Ch. 4 - Why is it difficult for scientists to replace an...Ch. 4 - Why did Tycho Brahe expect the new star of 1572 to...Ch. 4 - How was Tycho’s model of the Universe similar to...Ch. 4 - Explain how Kapler’s lows contradict uniform...Ch. 4 - What is the difference between a hypothesis ,...
Ch. 4 - How did The Alfonsine Tables, The Prutenic Tables,...Ch. 4 - Review Galileo’s telescopic discoveries and...Ch. 4 - Galileo was condemned by the Inquisition, but...Ch. 4 - How do Newton’s laws lead you to conclude that...Ch. 4 - Explain why you might describe the orbital motion...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16RQCh. 4 - How Do We know? How would you respond to someone...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18RQCh. 4 - How Do We Know? Why is it important that a...Ch. 4 - Science historian Thomas Kuhn has said that De...Ch. 4 - Many historians suspect that Galileo offended Pope...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3DQCh. 4 - If you lived on Mars, which planets would describe...Ch. 4 - Galileo’s telescope showed him that Venus has a...Ch. 4 - Galileo’s telescopes were not of high quality by...Ch. 4 - If a planet had an average distance from the Sun...Ch. 4 - If a space probe were sent into an orbit around...Ch. 4 - Neptune orbits the Sun with a period of 164.8...Ch. 4 - Venus’s average distance from the Sun is 0.72 AU...Ch. 4 - The circular velocity of Earth around the Sun is...Ch. 4 - What is the orbital velocity of an Earth satellite...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 4 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 4 - Why is it a little bit misleading to say that this...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 4 - Mercury’s orbit hardly deviates from a circle, but...
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- Using the m, = 1.99 x 1030 kg and the mę = 5.98 x 1024 kg and the distance between them as 1.00 AU (astronomical unit), what would be the orbital period of an object orbiting the sun at a distance of 2.12 AU? (please give answer in years) Number Unitsarrow_forwardA planet of mass 5.8 x 1024 kg orbits a star of mass 1.6 x 1030 kg in a circular orbit 10 x 1011 m from its center. Calculate the period of the orbit, in Earth years. Use G = 6.7 x 10-11 N m2/ kg2 and that one Earth year is 3.15 x 107 s. (Please answer to the fourth decimal place - i.e 14.3225)arrow_forwardNeptune orbits the Sun with an orbital radius of 4.495 x 10^12 m. If the earth to sun distance 1A.U. = 1.5 x 10^11 m, a) Determine how many A.U.'s is Neptune's orbital radius (Round to the nearest tenth). b) Given the Sun's mass is 1.99 x10^30 kg, use Newton's modified version of Kepler's formula T^2 = (4pi^2/Gm(star)) x d^3 to find the period in seconds using scientific notation. (Round to the nearest thousandth). C) Convert the period in part b) to years (Round to the nearest tenth)arrow_forward
- Assume these are the mass and radius of Venus. Myenus = 5 x 1024 kg, Ryenus = 6,000,000 meters. What is the velocity required to put a satellite into stable orbit around Venus starting from the surface of Venus so that it orbits once every 24 hours? [ignore the rotational velocity of Venus and gravity of the Sun] 10.23 km/s 9.95 km/s 10.35 km/s O 10.14 km/s 10.06 km/sarrow_forwardThe ratio of the radius of a planet A to that of a planet B is “r”. The ratio of acceleration due to gravity on the planets is “p”. The ratio of escape velocities of the two planets is _____ a) (pr)1/2 b) (p/r)1/2 c) (pr) d) (p/r)arrow_forward10 Jup Europa Figure I Ganymedearrow_forward
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