Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 1P
If you lived on Mars, which planets would describe retrograde loops? Which would never be visible as crescent phases?
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If you lived on Saturn, which planets would exhibit retrograde motion like that observed for Mars from Earth?
Which would never be visible as crescent phases?
While the Earth spins around its axis and orbits around the sun, then suppose we remove the sun from its location, will Earth continue to spin around its axis and orbits around the point where the sun used to be? Why or why not?
The Mars Robotic Lander for which we are making these calculations is designed to return samples of rock from Mars after a long time of collecting samples, exploring the area around the landing site, and making chemical analyses of rocks and dust in the landing area. One synodic period is required for Earth to be in the same place relative to mars as when it landed.
Calculate the synodic period (in years) using the following formula:
1/Psyn = (1/PEarth) - (1/PMars)
where PEarth is the sidereal period of the Earth (1 year) and PMars is the sidereal period of Mars.
If 3/4 of a Martian year was spent collecting samples and exploring the terrain around the landing site, calculate how long the Mars Robotic Lander expedition took!
Chapter 4 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 4 - Why did Greek astronomers conclude that the...Ch. 4 - Why did classical astronomers conclude that Earth...Ch. 4 - How did the Ptolemaic model explain retrograde...Ch. 4 - In what ways were the models of Ptolemy and...Ch. 4 - Why did the Copernican hypothesis win gradual...Ch. 4 - Why is it difficult for scientists to replace an...Ch. 4 - Why did Tycho Brahe expect the new star of 1572 to...Ch. 4 - How was Tycho’s model of the Universe similar to...Ch. 4 - Explain how Kapler’s lows contradict uniform...Ch. 4 - What is the difference between a hypothesis ,...
Ch. 4 - How did The Alfonsine Tables, The Prutenic Tables,...Ch. 4 - Review Galileo’s telescopic discoveries and...Ch. 4 - Galileo was condemned by the Inquisition, but...Ch. 4 - How do Newton’s laws lead you to conclude that...Ch. 4 - Explain why you might describe the orbital motion...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16RQCh. 4 - How Do We know? How would you respond to someone...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18RQCh. 4 - How Do We Know? Why is it important that a...Ch. 4 - Science historian Thomas Kuhn has said that De...Ch. 4 - Many historians suspect that Galileo offended Pope...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3DQCh. 4 - If you lived on Mars, which planets would describe...Ch. 4 - Galileo’s telescope showed him that Venus has a...Ch. 4 - Galileo’s telescopes were not of high quality by...Ch. 4 - If a planet had an average distance from the Sun...Ch. 4 - If a space probe were sent into an orbit around...Ch. 4 - Neptune orbits the Sun with a period of 164.8...Ch. 4 - Venus’s average distance from the Sun is 0.72 AU...Ch. 4 - The circular velocity of Earth around the Sun is...Ch. 4 - What is the orbital velocity of an Earth satellite...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 4 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 4 - Why is it a little bit misleading to say that this...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 4 - Mercury’s orbit hardly deviates from a circle, but...
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- Which is the phase of Venus when it is closest? Which when farthest? How do you know?arrow_forwardDuring a retrograde loop of Mars, would you expect Mars to be brighter than usual in the sky, about average in brightness, or fainter than usual in the sky? Explain.arrow_forwardAgain using Appendix F, which planets might you expect to have extreme seasons? Whyarrow_forward
- One planet is three times farther from the Sun than another. Will the farther planet take more, less, or the same amount of time to orbit the Sun? Will the closer planet orbit slower, faster, or the same speed? How much longer will the farther planet take to orbit than the closer planet? If the closer planet is located at 10 AU, how far is the farther planet, and what are the two planet's names?arrow_forwardAgain using Appendix F, which planet(s) might you expect not to have significant seasonal activity? Why?arrow_forwardThe day on Mars is 1.026 Earth-days long. The martian year lasts 686.98 Earth-days. The two moons of Mars take 0.32 Earth-day (for Phobos) and 1.26 Earth-days (for Deimos) to circle the planet. You are given the task of coming up with a martian calendar for a new Mars colony. Would a solar or lunar calendar be better for tracking the seasons?arrow_forward
- In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length of the solar day change? If so, how? Explain.arrow_forwardHelp me answer this question please, thanks!-ILLUSTRATE THE RELATIONSHIP OF ANGULAR MEASUREMENT TO CIRCULAR ARC LENGTH.arrow_forwardI. Directions: Complete the given table by finding the ratio of the planet's time of revolution to its radius. Average Radius of Orbit Times of Planet R3 T2 T?/R3 Revolution Mercury 5.7869 x 1010 7.605 x 106 Venus 1.081 x 1011 1.941 x 107 Earth 1.496 x 1011 3.156 x 107 1. What pattern do you observe in the last column of data? Which law of Kepler's does this seem to support? II. Solve the given problems. Write your solution on the space provided before each number. 1. You wish to put a 1000-kg satellite into a circular orbit 300 km above the earth's surface. Find the following: a) Speed b) Period c) Radial Acceleration Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer: Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer: Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer:arrow_forward
- Mars is 1.5 times as far away from the Sun as Earth. Earth’s axis is tilted at 23.5o compared to the ecliptic. The axis of Mars is tilted at 25o compared to the ecliptic. The atmosphere on Earth is 100 times as thick as the atmosphere on Mars. Which of the following statements is true? 1.)Mars is so cold that the water there is ice, while Earth does not have any ice 2.)When it is summer in Earth’s northern hemisphere, it is winter on Mars’ southern hemisphere 3.) Earth has seasons, Mars does not 4.) All of the water on Mars is frozen, while Earth has water in solid, liquid and gas formarrow_forwardWhat is meant by Apogee and perigee, Eccentricity? How do we calculate them?arrow_forwardImagine that Earth had two identical Moons, following the same orbit but staying 180° apart. What effects would this have on the ocean tides experienced on Earth?arrow_forward
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