Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 55IF
(a)
To determine
Evaluate the value of
(b)
To determine
Evaluate the value of
(c)
To determine
Evaluate the value of
(d)
To determine
Evaluate the value of
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Listed below are some distances from Earth to other objects in the Milky Way galaxy. Convert each
distance to light-years. (Each of these distances is less than one light-year. For an added challenge,
convert each distance to light minutes or light seconds.)
1.
The distance from Earth to the Moon is about 384,400 km. How many light-years is this?
2.
The distance from Earth to Mars is about 784,000,000 km. How many light-years is this?
3.
The distance from Earth to Pluto is about 5,750,000,000 km. How many light-years is this?
The moon is 1.3 light-seconds away. Imagine you are standing at the Canadian Space Agency headquarters in St. Hubert, Quebec and you bounce a 755 MHz radio signal off the moon (the moon acts like a mirror, reflecting the signal, such that it comes back to you). How long will it take for that radio signal to get back to you on earth? Answer in seconds with one decimal place.
A light-year is the distance that light can travel in one year. Similarly, we can define a light-second, light-day, etc. as the distance that light can travel in other time intervals. Calculate the distance represented by each of the following: (Assume that the speed of light is 3 × 108 m/s).
1. 4 light-seconds
2. 3 light-minutes
3. 2 light-days
4. 2 light-days, but this time answer in miles (enter just the number with no units)
Chapter 3 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 3 - List three major ideas of astronomy that help...Ch. 3 - Briefly define and describe each of the various...Ch. 3 - Describe the solar system as it looks on the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Prob. 6RQCh. 3 - Prob. 7RQCh. 3 - What do we mean when we say that Earth and life...Ch. 3 - Imagine describing the cosmic calendar to a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11RQCh. 3 - Prob. 12RQCh. 3 - What is the difference between matter in the...Ch. 3 - Define and give examples of kinetic energy,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 15RQCh. 3 - Prob. 16RQCh. 3 - Briefly describe the four major features of our...Ch. 3 - Briefly describe the nebular theory and how it...Ch. 3 - What was the close encounter hypothesis for our...Ch. 3 - How have recent discoveries led scientists to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21TYUCh. 3 - At a middle school talent show, 14-year-old Sam...Ch. 3 - SETI researchers announced today that if they...Ch. 3 - A noted physicist today announced that he has...Ch. 3 - Prob. 25TYUCh. 3 - Astronomers have discovered a galaxy in the far...Ch. 3 - Inventor John Johnson has patented a device that...Ch. 3 - Prob. 28TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 29TYUCh. 3 - Using new, powerful telescopes, biologists today...Ch. 3 - Prob. 31TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 32TYUCh. 3 - A television advertisement claiming that a product...Ch. 3 - When we say the universe is expanding, we mean...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35TYUCh. 3 - The age of our solar system is about (a) one-third...Ch. 3 - Prob. 37TYUCh. 3 - How many of the planets orbit the Sun in the same...Ch. 3 - Prob. 39TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 40TYUCh. 3 - Explaining the Past. Is it really possible for...Ch. 3 - A Strange Star System. Suppose that we discovered...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44IFCh. 3 - Alien Technology. Some people believe that Earth...Ch. 3 - Atomic Terminology Practice. a. The most common...Ch. 3 - Prob. 49IFCh. 3 - Prob. 50IFCh. 3 - Patterns of Motion. In one or two paragraphs,...Ch. 3 - Two Kinds of Planets. The jovian planets differ...Ch. 3 - Pluto and Eris. How does the nebular theory...Ch. 3 - Rocks from Other Solar Systems. Many leftovers...Ch. 3 - Prob. 55IFCh. 3 - Prob. 56IFCh. 3 - Scale of the Solar System. The real diameters of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 58IFCh. 3 - Prob. 59IFCh. 3 - Prob. 60IFCh. 3 - Prob. 61IFCh. 3 - Prob. 62IFCh. 3 - Prob. 63IFCh. 3 - Prob. 67WPCh. 3 - Tour of the Solar System. Visit one of the many...
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- Read the Blitzer Bonus attached herewith. The future is now: You have the opportunity to explore the cosmos in a starship traveling near the speed of light. The experience will enable you to understand the mysteries of the universe in deeply personal ways, transporting you to unimagined levels of knowing and being. The downside: You return from your two-year journey to a futuristic world in which friends and loved ones are long gone. Do you explore space or stay here on Earth? What are the reasons for your choice?arrow_forwardHubble's First Attempt. Edwin Hubble's first attempt to measure the universe's expansion rate was flawed because the standard candles he was using were not properly calibrated. Look at (Figure 1) a.Estimate the value of Ho corresponding to the solid line in the figure. Express your answer kilometers per second per million light-years to two significant figures. b.What is the approximate age of the universe indicated by that erroneous value of Ho? Express your answer in years to one significant figure.arrow_forwardYour friends are talking about Olber's Paradox: Friend 1: When the universe was quite young, it was also quite small, and therefore light was trapped inside the universe. This is why we don't see light from the edge of the universe in every direction. Friend 2: No, Olber's Paradox describes only light from stars, not from galaxies, and why you can't use light from distant stars to see at night. Friend 3: You're both right and you're both wrong. The paradox concerns itself with the expansion of the universe, and explains why light from the early universe was able to be released. Are any of them right, in part or in whole?arrow_forward
- What is the number of miles in a light-year, using (see picture) mi/s as the speed of light? I know the number of seconds in a year and 365 days will help but confused on how to put it in the equation.arrow_forwardA light year (LY) is the distance that light travels in one year. 1 LY = 9.46x1015 m. Suppose we have detected a planet that orbits a star that is 104 light years away. How many millions of years would it take us to get there if we used a modern rocket with a maximum speed of 20.0 km/s (about 45,000 mph)? Assume 3 sig figs.arrow_forwardhding Light Years 26.1 How far is it from Los Angeles to New York? Pretty far, but it can still be measured in miles or kilometers. How far is it from Earth to the Sun? It's about one hundred forty-nine million, six hundred thousand kilometers (149,600,000, or 1.496 x 10 km). Because this number is so large, and many other distances in space are even larger, scientists developed bigger units in order to measure them. An Astronomical Unit (AU) is 4:496x 108 km (the distance from Earth to the sun). This unit is usually used to measure distances within our solar system. To measure longer distances (like the distance between Earth and stars and other galaxies), the light year (ly) is used. A light year is the distance that light travels through space in one year, or 9.468 x 1012 km. 28.1 n the in tem. EXAMPLES 1. Converting light years (ly) to kilometers (km) Earth's closest star (Proxima Centauri) is about 4.22 light years away. How far is this in kilometers? Explanation/Answer: Multiply…arrow_forward
- Measure the length of the meter stick using your ruler. How many ‘rulers’ is equal to the length of the meter stick?arrow_forward1Which of the following best describes a frame of reference? an experiment that proved that Earth did not have an aether wind the theory that describes the behavior and characteristics of objects moving at relativistic speeds the effect of the slowing of time as an object moves with high speeds a point in which someone relates the behavior of an object from one perspective 2If an electron moves from n = 5 to n = 1, what wavelength of light is emitted? (h = 6.626 x 10-34, 1 eV = 1.6 x 10-19 J) 4008 nm 434 nm 95 nm 1281 nm 3Which of the following best describes a frame of reference? an experiment that proved that Earth did not have an aether wind the theory that describes the behavior and characteristics of objects moving at relativistic speeds the effect of the slowing of time as an object moves with high speeds a point in which someone relates the behavior of an object from…arrow_forwardA light-year is the distance that light can travel in one year. Similarly, we can define a light-second, light-day, etc. as the distance that light can travel in other time intervals. Calculate the distance represented by each of the following: (Assume that the speed of light is 3 x 108 m/s)A. 4 light-seconds.B. [3pt] 4 light-minutes.C. 4 light-days.D. 4 light-days, but this time answer in miles (enter just the number with no units)arrow_forward
- Why are light-years used to measure distances in space? O The speed of light is slower in space. O The speed of light is faster than time. O Distances in space constantly change. O Distances between stars are very large.arrow_forwardWhat is spacetime? Explain in most simplest way with illustration. Like using a garter as an example.arrow_forwardIf the speed of light is given as 299,792,458 meters per second and the wavelength is 560 nm. what is the frequency of this light? Give your answer in THz!arrow_forward
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