A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction. Concept introduction: Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base or acid catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule. To give: A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 55AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base or acid catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule.

To give:

A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

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What is the product formed when each dicarbonyl compound undergoes an intramolecular aldol reaction, followed by dehydration.

2 H3C H3C H C→XT OH H3C The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ß-hydroxy carbonyl compound. base :0: OH H H Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instruct ns H3C heat OH H3C :0: H + H₂O H

Provide reasonable mechanism for each step in the following reaction. First step is keto-Enol. Second step is acid catalyzed aldol reaction.

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 55AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base or acid catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule.

To give:

A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 55AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones with α-hydrogen undergo a base or acid catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction in aldol condensation. In this reaction two molecules of the reactant combine by forming a bond between α-carbon of one molecule and the carbonyl carbon within the same molecule or of the second molecule.

To give:

A mechanism for the acid catalyzed aldol condensation is to be given indicating the reactive nucleophile involved in the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 23.SE, Problem 55AP

Interpretation Introduction