Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 11RQ
What factors affect the location of the outer boundary of the habitable zone? Briefly summarize the current boundaries of our Sun’s habitable zone under both the more optimistic and the more conservative scenario.
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Which of the following is least reasonable regarding the concept of a habitable zone?
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M-type stars have wider habitable zones than G-type stars.
It is a region around a star where liquid water could be found on a planet's surface.
The habitable zone of a less massive star would be closer to the star.
In the course of millions of years, our habitable zone will slowly shift from Earth to Mars.
The Galactic habitable zone cannot be too close to the Galactic center because the radiation from the bright stars and supernovae in the crowded inner part of the Galaxy would probably be detrimental to life.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 10 - What is a habitable zone, and how is the idea...Ch. 10 - Describe several ways in which it may be possible...Ch. 10 - Why do we think that Venus should have outgassed...Ch. 10 - How much water is present on Venus today? How do...Ch. 10 - What is a runaway greenhouse effect, and why did...Ch. 10 - Could Venus ever have had oceans and, if so, could...Ch. 10 - How do we expect the habitable zones of brighter...Ch. 10 - Why is planetary size important to habitability?...Ch. 10 - What factors besides size and distance from the...Ch. 10 - What factors affect the location of the inner...
Ch. 10 - What factors affect the location of the outer...Ch. 10 - Why does the Sun gradually brighten, and how does...Ch. 10 - How and when will Earth become uninhabitable? Why?...Ch. 10 - Briefly describe the eventual fates of the Sun and...Ch. 10 - How do we determine global average temperatures...Ch. 10 - What do ice core data tell us about the past...Ch. 10 - What is the role of climate modeling in...Ch. 10 - Describe several potential consequences of global...Ch. 10 - Decide whether each statement makes sense or does...Ch. 10 - Decide whether each statement makes sense or does...Ch. 10 - Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but a few...Ch. 10 - Decide whether each statement makes sense or does...Ch. 10 - Decide whether each statement makes sense or does...Ch. 10 - Prob. 24TYUCh. 10 - Decide whether each statement makes sense or does...Ch. 10 - Prob. 26TYUCh. 10 - Decide whether each statement makes sense or does...Ch. 10 - Prob. 28TYUCh. 10 - The habitable zone refers to (a) the regions of a...Ch. 10 - A planet that is not within a habitable zone...Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Prob. 36TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 37TYUCh. 10 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 10 - Science with Consequences. A small but vocal group...Ch. 10 - The Habitable Zone. Considering the possibility...Ch. 10 - Are Habitable Zone Planets Common? Based on what...Ch. 10 - No Plate Tectonics. Suppose plate tectonics...Ch. 10 - Continuously Habitable Zone. Is Earth in a zone...Ch. 10 - Planetary Changes. Write two or three paragraphs...Ch. 10 - Venuss History. Many people are not surprised to...Ch. 10 - Habitable Moons. As well discuss in Chapter 11,...Ch. 10 - Greenhouse Lessons. While it seems unlikely that...Ch. 10 - Global Warming. Briefly summarize the evidence...Ch. 10 - Massive Stellar Habitable Zone. Consider a star...Ch. 10 - Strength of Sunlight at Venus and Mars. The solar...Ch. 10 - Atmospheric Mass of Venus. The atmospheric...Ch. 10 - Prob. 58IFCh. 10 - The Politics of Global Warming. The current...Ch. 10 - Dealing with Uncertainty. One of the difficulties...
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- How is a habitable zone likely to change over time? a. get narrower b. move further from the star c. they aren't likely to changearrow_forwardHow can a planet’s atmosphere affect the width of the habitable zone in its planetary system?arrow_forwardCO2 and planetary warming: understanding Earth’s complicated atmosphere Mars has an atmospheric pressure of 6 mbar (compared with Earth atmosphere pressure of 1013 mbar), 96% of which is CO2. The average calculated temperature of Mars is -57°C, whereas the actual average temperature is -55°C so that the amount of warming due to CO2 is only 2°C. On the other hand, the average calculated temperature of Earth, with 0.4 mbar of CO2, is -19°C, whereas the actual average temperature is 15°C so that the amount of warming due to CO2 is 34°C, much greater than that on Mars, which has higher CO2 concentration. Explain how this is possible.arrow_forward
- Tutorial A radio broadcast left Earth in 1923. How far in light years has it traveled? If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light years, how many star systems has this broadcast reached? Assume that the fraction of these star systems that have planets is 0.50 and that, in a given planetary system, the average number of planets that have orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.40. How many possible planets with life could have heard this signal? Part 1 of 3 To figure out how many light years a signal has traveled we need to know how long since the signal left Earth. If the signal left in 1923, distance in light years = time since broadcast left Earth. d = tnow - broadcast d = 97 97 light years Part 2 of 3 Since the radio signal travels in all directions, it expanded as a sphere with a radius equal to the distance it has traveled so far. To determine the number of star systems this signal has reached, we need to determine the volume of that sphere. V, = Vb…arrow_forwardTutorial A radio broadcast left Earth in 1925. How far in light years has it traveled? If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light years, how many star systems has this broadcast reached? Assume that the fraction of these star systems that have planets is 0.30 and that, in a given planetary system, the average number of planets that have orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.85. How many possible planets with life could have heard this signal? Part 1 of 3 To figure out how many light years a signal has traveled we need to know how long since the signal left Earth. If the signal left in 1925, distance in light years = time since broadcast left Earth. d = tnow - tbroadcast d = light years Submit Skip (you cannot come back)arrow_forwardA radio broadcast left Earth in 1911. How far in light years has it traveled? If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light years, how many star systems has this broadcast reached? Assume that the fraction of these star systems that have planets is 0.50 and that, in a given planetary system, the average number of planets that have orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.20. How many possible planets with life could have heard this signal?arrow_forward
- A newly discovered star was found to have a surface temperature of approximately 5185 K. If an astrologist wanted to look for potentially habitable planets, what is the maximum distance from the star to reach its solar system's 'Goldilocks Zone'?arrow_forwardA newly discovered orange dwarf star has a surface temperature of approximately 5185 K. How far would its Goldilocks Zone be from the star if an astrologist wanted to look for potentially habitable planets? And how wide would the zone be?arrow_forward7. Complete the table below for the habitability of several solar system planets. Temperature can be hot, moderate, or cold. Amount of atmosphere can be thin, thick, or moderate. Liquid wa- ter amount can be lots, little, or none. Planet Venus Temperature Liquid Water Atmosphere Earth Marsarrow_forward
- Briefly summarize the evidence linking human activity to global warming. What are its potential consequences?arrow_forwardConsidering what you learned from the solar nebula theory, how likely do you think it is to find habitable planets in other solar systems? Visit NASA’s Kepler mission to learn more about this search, and write a ½ page summary on the mission.arrow_forwardOut of the inner planets in the solar system (Mercury,Venus and Mars), Which do you think is most likely to be colonized? Explain why?arrow_forward
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