Suppose Xavier has tickets to the Super Bowl, but is terribly ill with a noncontagious infection. How would a decision maker perform his economic calculation on whether to attend the game, based on the traditional model of risk behavior?
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Suppose Xavier has tickets to the Super Bowl, but is terribly ill with a noncontagious infection. How would a decision maker perform his economic calculation on whether to attend the game, based on the traditional model of risk behavior?
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- For the following questions consider this setting. The deciding shot in a soccer game comes down to a penalty shot. If the goal-keeper jumps in one corner and the striker shots the ball in the other, then it is a goal. If the goalie jumps left and the striker shoots left, then it is a goal with probability 1/3. If the goalie jumps right and the striker shots right, it is goal with probability 2/3. Say the goalie's strategy is to jump left with probability 1 and the striker shoots left with probability 0.5, then the probability of a goal is (round to two digits) If the striker shoots in either corner with probability 0.5 and the goalie likewise shoots in either corner with probability 0.5, then the probability of a goal is (round to 2 digits)Suppose that you graduate from college next year and you have two career options: 1) You will start a job in an investment bank paying a $100,000 annual salary. 2) You will start a Ph.D. in economics and, as a student, you will receive a $20,000 salary. You are bad with decisions, so you are letting a friend of yours decide for you by flipping a coin. The probabilities of options 1 and 2 are, therefore, each 50%. a) Illustrate, using indifference curves, your preferences regarding consumption choices in the two different states of the world. Assume that you are risk-averse. [Include also the 45 degrees line in your figure] b) Now show how the indifference curves would change if you were substantially more risk averse than before. Explain. c) Now show the indifference curves if you are risk neutral and if you are risk loving. d) Show your expected utility preferences from point a) mathematically.A risk-averse manager is considering a project that will cost £100. There is a 10 percent chance the project will generate revenues of £100, an 80 percent chance it will yield revenues of £50, and a 10 percent chance it will yield revenues of £500. Should the manager adopt the project? Explain. What will a risk-neutral and risk-loving manager do in the same situation?
- If a risk-averse individual owns a home worth $100,000, and that individual is willing to pay $1,000 for an annual fire insurance policy that covers the entire loss in the event of a fire, then we know that?What type of risk behavior does the person exhibit who is willing to bet $60 on a game where 20% of the time the bet returns $100, and 80% of the time returns $50? Is this a fair bet? Explain.In the field of financial management, it has been observed that there is a trade-off between the rate of return that one earns on investments and the amount of risk that one must bear to earn that return. a) Draw a set of indifference curves between risk and return for a person that is risk-averse (a person that does not like risk).
- Why do economists say that people tend to be risk-averse?According to the text explain briefly how Risk Analysis helps the decision maker?Consider the St. Petersburg Paradox problem first discussed by Daniel Bernoulli in 1738. The game consists of tossing a coin. The player gets a payoff of 2^n where n is the number of times the coin is tossed to get the first head. So, if the sequence of tosses yields TTTH, you get a payoff of 2^4 this payoff occurs with probability (1/2^4). Compute the expected value of playing this game. Next, assume that utility U is a function of wealth X given by U = X.5 and that X = $1,000,000. In this part of the question, assume that the game ends if the first head has not occurred after 40 tosses of the coin. In that case, the payoff is 240 and the game is over. What is the expected payout of this game? Finally, what is the most you would pay to play the game if you require that your expected utility after playing the game must be equal to your utility before playing the game? Use the Goal Seek function (found in Data, What-If Analysis) in Excel.
- How much is his risk on any random day due to late arrival?The deciding shot in a soccer game comes down to a penalty shot. If the goal-keeper jumps in one corner and the player shots the ball in the other, then it is a goal. If the goalie jumps left and the player shoots left, then it is a goal with probability 1/3. If the goalie jumps right and the player shots right, it is goal with probability 2/3. If both players play Nash strategies, what is the expected value of goals that will follow from this penalty shot. 1/9 2/9 3/9 4/9 5/9 6/9 O7/9Please draw a utility function that exhibits risk-loving behavior for small gambles (low values)and risk-averse behavior for larger gambles (high value).