Introduction To Health Physics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780071835275
Author: Johnson, Thomas E. (thomas Edward), Cember, Herman.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.46P
To determine
The rate heat be removed from the target in order to have insignificant temperature rise.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Introduction To Health Physics
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.1PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.2PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.3PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.5PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.6PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.7PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.8PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.9PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.10P
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.11PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.12PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.13PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.14PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.15PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.16PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.17PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.18PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.19PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.20PCh. 5 - Calculate the probability that a 2-MeV photon in a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.22PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.23PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.24PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.25PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.26PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.27PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.28PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.29PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.30PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.31PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.32PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.33PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.34PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.35PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.36PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.37PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.38PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.39PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.40PCh. 5 - A 1-M solution of boric acid, H3BO3 , is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.42PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.43PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.44PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.45PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.46PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.47PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.49PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.50PCh. 5 - Prob. 5.54PCh. 5 - What is the range in tissue of the beta particles...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5.56P
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- a. A dental x-ray machine has a 60 kV accelerating voltage and a tungsten target. Atypical exposure uses an 8.0 mA electron current for 18 s. What is the approximatepower of the x-ray emission? The conversion efficiency is not known precisely, so aone-significant-figure answer is appropriate. b. What is the x-ray intensity at the jaw, 15 cm from the source? Assume that the x raysare emitted uniformly in all directions from a single point. c. A molar tooth can be approximated as a 9-mm-diameter, 20-mm-long cylinder. X raysimpinge on a molar from the side, perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. Approxi-mately what x-ray energy enters a molar during the exposure?arrow_forwardDuring the deep X-ray therapy high energy X-rays are used. They are filtered by passing themthrough copper and aluminium plates. If the copper plate has thickness ?1 = 1 mm and aluminiumplate ?2 = 5 mm, find reduction in X-ray beam intensity. Linear attenuation coefficients for copperand aluminium are ?1 = 0,32 cm –1, and ?2 = 0,15 cm –1, respectively.arrow_forwardTypical 10-fold intensity reduction values for X-ray radiation with energy 1 MeV are 30 cm for bone tissues, 20 cm for aluminum, 5 cm for lead. Find mass and linear attenuation coefficients if densities are 1.85 g/cm3, 2.70 g/cm3, 11.35 g/cm3, respectively.arrow_forward
- A “clever” technician decides to heat some water for his coffee with an x-ray machine. If the machine produces 10 rad/s, how long will it take to raise the temperature of a cup of water by 50°C? Ignore heat losses during this time.arrow_forwardLead aprons are the primary radiation protective garments used by personnel during fluoroscopy. An apron with 0.5-mm thickness can attenuate approximately 90% of the X-rayradiation. Find linear and mass attenuation coefficients for lead, if it has density ρ = 11.35 g/cm3arrow_forwardFind required thickness of the protective lead shield in order to achieve 99 % reduction ofX-Ray radiation intensity. The mass attenuation coefficient for a radiation source with an energy of140 keV is μm = 2.32 cm2/g. Density of lead ρ = 11.35 g/cm3.arrow_forward
- Typical HVL values for X-ray radiation with energy 1 MeV are 3 cm for bone tissues, 2 cm for aluminum, 0.3 cm for lead. Find mass and linear attenuation coefficients if densities are 1.85 g/cm3 , 2.70 g/cm3 , 11.35 g/cm3, respectively.arrow_forwardIf a radiation source has an intensity of 6.50 Sv at 1.0 m, what distance is needed to decrease the intensity of exposure to below 0.25 Sv, the level at which no effects are detectable?arrow_forwardif a record sample has rate of 44100Hz, how many samples are required to capture 0.25s?arrow_forward
- Determine the time in seconds required to sputter 50 nm of Si using a 10 µA/cm2 beam of 45 keV ions of (a) Ne, (b) Kr, and (c) Хе.arrow_forwardAn x-ray machine mounted in Khomas Medical Centre has tungsten as a target material. One male patient with a fracture on the arm had to undergo radiographic procedure to determine the severity of a fracture. The medical oncologist doctor has decided on the voltage of 120 keV and the radiographer recommended for 150 keV for settings during the procedure. These two medical personnel have sat and mutually agreed for an average potential difference to be set on the instrument. Calculate the energy of x-ray being produced during this imaging procedure. hearrow_forwardA patient is being given a chest X-ray. The X-ray beam is turned on for 0.20 s, and its intensity is 0.370 W/m2. The area of the chest being exposed is 0.0720 m2, and the radiation is absorbed by 3.80 kg of tissue. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the X-ray for this tissue is 1.1. Calculate the biologically equivalent does received by the patient. Number i Unitsarrow_forward
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