Essential Cosmic Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135795033
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 5VSC
Check your understanding of some of the many types of visual information used in astronomy. For additional practice, try the Chapter 4 
Visual Quiz at MasteringAstronomy®.
The figure represents how the Moon causes tides on Earth; the diagram looks down from above the North Pole, so the numbers I through 4 label points along Earth’s equator.
5. The light blue region represents tidal bulges. In what way are these bulges drawn inaccurately?
a. There should be only one bulge rather than two.
b. They should be aligned with the Sun rather than the Moon.
c. They should be much smaller compared to Earth.
d. They should be more pointy in shape.
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between a planet and its moon.
Procedure/Analysis:
Go to: https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Circular-and-Satellite-
Motion/Gravitational-Fields/Gravitational-Fields-Interactive
Use the program to answer the following questions.
1. A planet and its moon are shown in the simulation window. Click and drag the
moon to various positions about the planet and observe the gravitational force
vector. In the diagram below, draw a force vector (arrow with arrowhead) to
depict the direction and relative magnitude of the force acting upon the moon at
the designated locations. Note: the size of the arrow should be representative of
the strength of the force.
Include appropriate units in your final answer. Round off your final answer to two decimal places. Box your final answer.
Follow the given formulas
2. An electric fan is rotating at a constant 72,000 meters per hour, making one complete rotation in 0.17 seconds.
(a) What is the magnitude of the speed of the bug sitting on one of fan's blades? (b) What is the magnitude of
the acceleration of the bug sitting on one of fan's blades?
Johannes Kepler worked as an assistant to the observatory of Brahe at the age of 27.
Brahe collected astronomical observations, which were passed into Kepler, on his death.
Among the significant contributions of Brahe:
1. His observations on the planetary motion of Mars were used by later astronomers, including
Kepler to construct the present model of the solar system.
2. In 1572, he observed supernova as a star that appeared suddenly, became visible for 18
months before it faded from view. Nowadays, supernova is called an exploding star.
3. In 1577, he observed a comet by measuring its parallax. His claim contradicted the idea of
Aristotle that comets are "gases burning in the atmosphere." By measuring the parallax for
the comet, he was able to show that the comet was further away than the Moon.
4. His findings that stars do not have parallax, he concluded that either: (a). the earth was
motionless at the center of the universe; or (b). the stars were so far away that their parallax…
Chapter 4 Solutions
Essential Cosmic Perspective
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Define speed, velocity, and acceleration. What are...Ch. 4 - Define momentum and force. What do we mean when we...Ch. 4 - What is free-fall, and why does it make you...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 5EAP
Ch. 4 - Define kinetic energy, radiative energy, and...Ch. 4 - Define and distinguish temperature and thermal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 4 - Summarize the universal law of gravitation both in...Ch. 4 - What is the difference between a bound and an...Ch. 4 - Under what conditions can we use Newton’s version...Ch. 4 - Explain why orbits cannot change spontaneously,...Ch. 4 - Explain how the Moon creates tides on Earth. Why...Ch. 4 - How do the tides vary with the phase of the Moon?...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - A car is accelerating when it is (a) traveling on...Ch. 4 - Compared to their values on Earth, on another...Ch. 4 - Which person is weightless? (a) a child in the air...Ch. 4 - Consider the statement “There’s no gravity in...Ch. 4 - To make a rocket turn left, you need to (a) fire...Ch. 4 - Compared to its angular momentum when it is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 4 - If Earth were twice as far from the Sun, the force...Ch. 4 - According to the law of universal gravitation,...Ch. 4 - If the Moon were closer to Earth, high tides would...Ch. 4 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 4 - Testing Gravity. Scientists are constantly trying...Ch. 4 - How Does the Table Know? Thinking deeply about...Ch. 4 - Perpetual Motion Machines. Every so often, someone...Ch. 4 - Group Activity: Your Ultimate Energy Source. Work...Ch. 4 - Weightlessness. Astronauts are weightless when in...Ch. 4 - Einstein’s Famous Formula. a. What is the meaning...Ch. 4 - The Gravitational Law. a. How does quadrupling the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 4 - Head to Foot Tides. You and Earth attract each...Ch. 4 - Space Elevator. Some people have proposed using a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 50EAP
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