Essential Cosmic Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135795033
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 42EAP
Einstein’s Famous Formula.
a. What is the meaning of the formula
E = mc2? Define each variable.
b. How does this formula explain the generation of energy by the Sun?
c. How does this formula explain the destructive power of nuclear bombs?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Astronomers use a light-year to measure distance. A light-year is the distance light travels in one year. The speed of light is approximately 300,000 km/sec.a. How long is 1 light-year in kilometers?b. The nearest star (other than the sun) is Alpha Centauri. It is 4.34 light-years from Earth. How far is that in kilometers?c. How long will it take a rocket traveling 42,000 km/hr to reach Alpha Centauri?
Solar scientists want to measure the temperature inside the sun by sending in probes. Imagine that temperature increases by 1 million◦C for every 10,000 km below the surface. A probe that can handle a temperature of x million degrees costs x³ million dollars. a. How much would it cost to measure the temperature 10,000 km down? b. How much would it cost to measure the temperature 100,000 km down? c. How much would it cost to measure the temperature 200,000 km down?
1. Read and U
What information are you given?
Mass= m = 0.15 kg
Speed of light = c = 300,000,000 m/s = 3 x 108 m/s
2. Plan and Solve
What unknown are you trying to calculate?
The amount of energy produced = E = ?
What formula contains the given quantities and the unknown?
E = mc2
Replace each variable with its known variable and known value.
E = (0.15 kg)(3.00 x 108 m/s)2
E = 1.35 x 10¹6 kg.m²/s2 = 1.4 x 1016 J
3. Look Back and Check
a separate
In a nuclear reactor, 1.5 kilograms of plutonium-239 is completely
converted to energy. How many joules of energy are produced?
nits
Chapter 4 Solutions
Essential Cosmic Perspective
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Check your understanding of some of the many types...Ch. 4 - Define speed, velocity, and acceleration. What are...Ch. 4 - Define momentum and force. What do we mean when we...Ch. 4 - What is free-fall, and why does it make you...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 5EAP
Ch. 4 - Define kinetic energy, radiative energy, and...Ch. 4 - Define and distinguish temperature and thermal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 4 - Summarize the universal law of gravitation both in...Ch. 4 - What is the difference between a bound and an...Ch. 4 - Under what conditions can we use Newton’s version...Ch. 4 - Explain why orbits cannot change spontaneously,...Ch. 4 - Explain how the Moon creates tides on Earth. Why...Ch. 4 - How do the tides vary with the phase of the Moon?...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - Decide whether the statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 4 - A car is accelerating when it is (a) traveling on...Ch. 4 - Compared to their values on Earth, on another...Ch. 4 - Which person is weightless? (a) a child in the air...Ch. 4 - Consider the statement “There’s no gravity in...Ch. 4 - To make a rocket turn left, you need to (a) fire...Ch. 4 - Compared to its angular momentum when it is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 4 - If Earth were twice as far from the Sun, the force...Ch. 4 - According to the law of universal gravitation,...Ch. 4 - If the Moon were closer to Earth, high tides would...Ch. 4 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 4 - Testing Gravity. Scientists are constantly trying...Ch. 4 - How Does the Table Know? Thinking deeply about...Ch. 4 - Perpetual Motion Machines. Every so often, someone...Ch. 4 - Group Activity: Your Ultimate Energy Source. Work...Ch. 4 - Weightlessness. Astronauts are weightless when in...Ch. 4 - Einstein’s Famous Formula. a. What is the meaning...Ch. 4 - The Gravitational Law. a. How does quadrupling the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 4 - Head to Foot Tides. You and Earth attract each...Ch. 4 - Space Elevator. Some people have proposed using a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 4 - Prob. 50EAP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1. Please help me answer A and B. Well explained please. (Not written on a paper please) A. Sets out the two postulates of Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity. B. What is simultaneity? Use a concrete example in your explanation.arrow_forwardAn astronomical unit a.is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun. b.is about 150 million kilometres. c.is measured using radar signals bouncing off Venus. d.has units of distance. e.all of the mentioned choices. Galileo made many discoveries. Which one of these is not attributed to him? a.that the Moon has mountains, valleys and craters b.that the Sun has imperfections known as sunspots c.that four small points of light orbit the planet Jupiter d.the invention of the telescope e.that Venus shows a complete cycle of phases Which one of these statements describes why the planet Venus is much warmer than Earth? a.Venus has a denser and deeper atmosphere. b.It is closer to the Sun than Earth. c.It experienced a 'runaway greenhouse effect' long ago. d.It produces more carbon dioxide than is absorbed by the surface. e.all of the mentioned statementsarrow_forward1. Please help me answer A and B. Well explained please. A. Sets out the two postulates of Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity B. What is simultaneity? Use a concrete example in your explanation.arrow_forward
- 1. Your friend recorded the location of a certain explosion at (11 [m] , 13 [m]). If he is aboard a bus moving at a velocity 0.6 with respect to your reference frame, what is the coordinates of the event in your reference frame? A. (8 (m] , 4 [m]) B. (4 [m] ,8 (m]) C. (24.5 [m] , 23.5 [m]) D. (23.5 (m] , 24.5 [m]) 2. Kim celebrated his birthday at (12 [m] , 13 [m]). If he took the exam at (6 [m], 10 [m]), what is the (time interval, space interval) of the two events for a person in a rocket moving at 0.50 to the left? A. (3/3 (m],0 [m]) B. (0,3/3 (m)) C. (5V3 [m], 4v3 [m]) D. (4/3 [m], 5v3 [m]) 3. A charged particle is observed in two inertial reference frames. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about the particle? I. The charge is covariant. II. The mass is invariant. III. The momentum is invariant. А. П only B. I and II only C. II and III only D. I, II and IIIarrow_forwardHow are neutrinos observed? a. by using a large tank of cleaning fluid buried deep in beneath Earth’s surface b. by using spectral observations c. by using a radio receiver d. by using a Schmidt-Cassegrain focus e. by using a magneto-hydrodynamic detectorarrow_forward1. What is escape velocity? 2. What does it mean to have a binding energy? 3. Under what conditions would you have to achieve in order for a satellite to escape the gravitational field of another body? 4. Why don't astronauts feel the effects of gravity while in orbit around Earth? 5. Why don't we feel the physical attraction from people around us, if there is a force of gravity between every obiect containing mass?arrow_forward
- 2. What is energy? Explain why scientists care about this concept as part of their work.arrow_forwardQ. How will our sun actually die? Pls answer in 2-3 sentences. Thank You!arrow_forward1. Based on the book Grand Design by Hawking and Mlodinow in the Chapter 3 entitled What is Reality, answer the following:a. How did classical science define the physical world?b. What is the limitation of this definition of the physical world?c. How did modern science expound on the definition of the physical world?d. What are the elements of a good model?arrow_forward
- 6. Consider a planet of mass m in orbit about a star of mass M. Since M >> m, we can assume the star is at rest. a) Show that the energy of the planet can be written as GMm E = 2mr? b) Now assume the planet is in a perfectly circular orbit. What is the energy in this case? c) Represent the energy obtained in part (b) on an energy diagram. (Draw and label very carefully.)arrow_forwardIn order to form a black hole, a star must be about how much more massive than our Sun? a. Fifty times as massive b. Ten times as massive c. Twice as massive d. Twenty times as massive e. It actually must be less massive than our Sunarrow_forward3. Explain the concept of Sommerfeld Elliptical orbits. Also discuss the quantization of elliptical orbits and the value of eccentricity. What is the relativistic correction to Sommerfeld elliptical orbits?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course ...PhysicsISBN:9781305960961Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305960961
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Relativity: The Curvature of Spacetime; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7V3koyL7Mc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY