Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 35, Problem 49PQ
Figure P35.49 shows the intensity of the diffraction patterns produced by a slit of varying width. Rank the relative widths of the slit in each case, from narrowest to widest.
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Consider a light wave passing through a slit and propagating
toward a distant screen. Figure P37.53 shows the intensity
variation for the pattern on the screen. Give a mathematical
argument that more than 90% of the transmitted energy is
in the central maximum of the diffraction pattern. Sugges-
tion: You are not expected to calculate the precise percent-
age, but explain the steps of your reasoning. You may use
the identification
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Figure P37.53
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Problem 2.
A) A Michelson interferometer uses light of wavelength 500 nm. The irradiance of the beam exiting the laser is IL. What
are the possible differences in the lengths of the arms of the interferometer when the irradiance at the detector is IL/3?
B) Young's Double slit experiment is performed with HeNe laser wavelength 632.8 nm. The screen is 2 m from the slits and
the slit separation is 0.2 mm. Find the distance of the 3th bright fringe from the center of the interference pattern on
the screen (call the central bright fringe the "Oth" fringe).
A telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of a laser beam and limit diffraction spreading. The laser beam is sent through the eyepiece and out the objective, and can then be projected onto a satellite or the Moon.
a. If this is done with the Mount Wilson telescope, producing a 2.1 m diameter beam of 690 nm light, what is the minimum angular spread, in radians, of the beam?
b. Neglecting atmospheric effects, what is the diameter of the spot this beam would make on the Moon, assuming a lunar distance of 3.84×108 m?
Chapter 35 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 35.1 - Perhaps Newton never observed a diffraction...Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 35.2CECh. 35.2 - Prob. 35.3CECh. 35.3 - Prob. 35.4CECh. 35.4 - When we studied Youngs double-slit experiment, we...Ch. 35.6 - Prob. 35.6CECh. 35 - Light Is a Wave C As shown in Figure P35.1, spray...Ch. 35 - Sound Wave Interference Revisited Draw two...Ch. 35 - Prob. 3PQCh. 35 - You are seated on a couch equidistant between two...
Ch. 35 - Prob. 5PQCh. 35 - Prob. 6PQCh. 35 - A student shines a red laser pointer with a...Ch. 35 - Monochromatic light is incident on a pair of slits...Ch. 35 - Prob. 9PQCh. 35 - In a Youngs double-slit experiment with microwaves...Ch. 35 - A beam from a helium-neon laser with wavelength...Ch. 35 - Prob. 12PQCh. 35 - Prob. 13PQCh. 35 - Prob. 14PQCh. 35 - Light from a sodium vapor lamp ( = 589 nm) forms...Ch. 35 - Prob. 16PQCh. 35 - Prob. 17PQCh. 35 - Prob. 18PQCh. 35 - Prob. 19PQCh. 35 - Prob. 20PQCh. 35 - Prob. 21PQCh. 35 - Prob. 22PQCh. 35 - Prob. 23PQCh. 35 - Figure P35.24 shows the diffraction patterns...Ch. 35 - Prob. 25PQCh. 35 - Prob. 26PQCh. 35 - A thread must have a uniform thickness of 0.525...Ch. 35 - Prob. 28PQCh. 35 - Prob. 29PQCh. 35 - A radio wave of wavelength 21.5 cm passes through...Ch. 35 - Prob. 31PQCh. 35 - Prob. 32PQCh. 35 - A single slit is illuminated by light consisting...Ch. 35 - Prob. 34PQCh. 35 - Prob. 35PQCh. 35 - Prob. 36PQCh. 35 - Prob. 37PQCh. 35 - Prob. 38PQCh. 35 - Prob. 39PQCh. 35 - Prob. 40PQCh. 35 - Prob. 41PQCh. 35 - Prob. 42PQCh. 35 - Prob. 43PQCh. 35 - Prob. 44PQCh. 35 - Prob. 45PQCh. 35 - Prob. 46PQCh. 35 - Prob. 47PQCh. 35 - Prob. 48PQCh. 35 - Figure P35.49 shows the intensity of the...Ch. 35 - Prob. 50PQCh. 35 - Prob. 51PQCh. 35 - Prob. 52PQCh. 35 - Light of wavelength 750.0 nm passes through a...Ch. 35 - Prob. 54PQCh. 35 - Prob. 55PQCh. 35 - Prob. 56PQCh. 35 - Light of wavelength 515 nm is incident on two...Ch. 35 - Light of wavelength 515 nm is incident on two...Ch. 35 - A Two slits are separated by distance d and each...Ch. 35 - Prob. 60PQCh. 35 - Prob. 61PQCh. 35 - If you spray paint through two slits, what pattern...Ch. 35 - Prob. 63PQCh. 35 - Prob. 64PQCh. 35 - Prob. 65PQCh. 35 - Prob. 66PQCh. 35 - Prob. 67PQCh. 35 - Prob. 68PQCh. 35 - Prob. 69PQCh. 35 - Prob. 70PQCh. 35 - Prob. 71PQCh. 35 - Prob. 72PQCh. 35 - Prob. 73PQCh. 35 - Prob. 74PQCh. 35 - Prob. 75PQCh. 35 - Prob. 76PQCh. 35 - Prob. 77PQCh. 35 - Another way to construct a double-slit experiment...Ch. 35 - Prob. 79PQCh. 35 - Prob. 80PQCh. 35 - Table P35.80 presents data gathered by students...Ch. 35 - Prob. 82PQCh. 35 - Prob. 83PQCh. 35 - Prob. 84PQCh. 35 - Prob. 85PQCh. 35 - Prob. 86PQCh. 35 - Prob. 87PQCh. 35 - Prob. 88PQCh. 35 - A One of the slits in a Youngs double-slit...Ch. 35 - Prob. 90PQ
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- Table P35.80 presents data gathered by students performing a double-slit experiment. The distance between the slits is 0.0700 mm, and the distance to the screen is 2.50 m. The intensity of the central maximum is 6.50 106 W/m2. What is the intensity at y = 0.500 cm? TABLE P35.80arrow_forwardFigure P35.24 shows the diffraction patterns produced by a slit of varying width. What is the relative width of the slit in each case, from narrowest to widest? FIGURE P35.24 Problems 24 and 32.arrow_forwardCoherent light rays of wavelength strike a pair of slits separated by distance d at an angle 1, with respect to the normal to the plane containing the slits as shown in Figure P27.14. The rays leaving the slits make an angle 2 with respect to the normal, and an interference maximum is formed by those rays on a screen that is a great distance from the slits. Show that the angle 2 is given by 2=sin1(sin1md) where m is an integer.arrow_forward
- Irina finds an unlabeled box of fine needles, and wants to determine how thick they are. A standard ruler will not do the job, as each needle is less than a millimeter thick. So, to find the thickness, she uses a needle to poke a hole in a piece of brown construction paper. Then, she positions a 657 nm laser pointer to shine through the hole and project a circular diffraction pattern on a wall 22.7 m away. She then uses her ruler to measure that the central bright circle is 11.7 cm in diameter. What diameter does Irina calculate for the needle? diameter: umarrow_forwardIn Figure P37.18, let L = 120 cm and d = 0.250 cm. The slits are illuminated with coherent 600-nm light. Calculate the distance y from the central maximum for which the average intensity on the screen is 75.0% of the maximum.arrow_forwardLight with wavelength i passes through a narrow slit of width w and is seen on a screen which is located at a distance D in front of the slit. The first minimum of the diffraction pattern is at distance d from the middle of the central maximum. Calculate the wavelength of light if D=2.5 VAD. Give your answer in nanometprs. m, d=1 mm and w = Answer: Choose...arrow_forward
- A 500 nm laser shines through a double slit with a separation of d =0.2 mm. The light that emerges shines on a screen that is 0.8 m away. a. What is the y-position of the fifth maximum, y5 ? b. We change the double slit to a diffraction grating of 300 lines/mm. What is the new y-position of the fifth maximum, V5 ?arrow_forwardIrina finds an unlabeled box of fine needles, and wants to determine how thick they are. A standard ruler will not do the job, as each needle is less than a millimeter thick. So, to find the thickness, she uses a needle to poke a hole in a piece of brown construction paper. Then, she positions a 640 nm laser pointer to shine through the hole and project a circular diffraction pattern on a wall 20.7 m away. She then uses her ruler to measure that the central bright circle is 19.2 cm in diameter. What diameter does Irina calculate for the needle? diameter: μm TOOLS x10arrow_forwardIrina finds an unlabeled box of fine needles, and wants to determine how thick they are. A standard ruler will not do the job, as each needle is less than a millimeter thick. So, to find the thickness, she uses a needle to poke a hole in a piece of brown construction paper. Then, she positions a 640 nm laser pointer to shine through the hole and project a circular diffraction pattern on a wall 20.2 m away. She then uses her ruler to measure that the central bright circle is 15.7 cm in diameter. What diameter does Irina calculate for the needle?arrow_forward
- A very thin sheet of plastic with refraction index n₁ = 1.6 covers one slit of a double-slit apparatus illuminated by a light source that emmits EM waves with a wavelength of 640 nm. The center point on the screen, instead of being a maximum, is dark. What is the (minimum) thickness of the plastic? oblem 031arrow_forwardDiffraction can be used to provide a quick test of the size of red blood cells. Blood is smeared onto a slide, and a laser shines through the slide. The size of the cells is very consistent, so the multiple diffraction patterns overlap and produce an overall pattern that is similar to what a single cell would produce. Ideally, the diameter of a red blood cell should be between 7.5 and 8.0 μm. If a 633 nm laser shines through a slide and produces a pattern on a screen 24.0 cm distant, what range of sizes of the central maximum should be expected? Values outside this range might indicate a health concern and warrant further study.arrow_forwardA chemist identifies compounds by identifying bright lines in their spectra. She does so by heating the compounds until they glow, sending the light through a diffraction grating, and measuring the positions of first-order spectral lines on a detector 15.0 cm behind the grating. Unfortunately, she has lost the card that gives the specifications of the grating. Fortunately, she has a known compound that she can use to calibrate the grating. She heats the known compound, which emits light at a wavelength of 501 nm, and observes a spectral line 9.95 cm from the center of the diffraction pattern. What is the wavelength emitted by compound A that have spectral line detected at position 8.55 cm? Express your answer with the appropriate units. ► View Available Hint(s) A₁ = Part B jell AB= [μA Xb Value 7 Value ^ x 10" Units 12 What is the wavelength emitted by compound B that have spectral line detected at position 12.15 cm? Express your answer with the appropriate units. ▸ View Available…arrow_forward
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