General Physics, 2nd Edition
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780471522782
Author: Morton M. Sternheim
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 20, Problem 4RQ
To determine
The nature of the magnetic field produced by the induced current.
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12. (a) Using Eq. AQ=CAV and the data in the Table, calculate the number of ions entering the axon during
the action potential, per meter of nonmyelinated axon length. (The charge on the ion is 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb.)
(b) During the resting state of the axon, typical concentrations of sodium and potassium ions inside the axon
are 15 and 150 millimole/liter, respectively. From the data in the Table, calculate the number of ions per
meter length of the axon.
Table 13.1 Properties of Sample Axons
Hint:
1 F (farad) = 1coulomb/1 volt
Property
Nonmyelinated axon
Myelinated axon
Axon radius
5 x 10-m
5 x 10-6 m
1 mole /liter = 6.02 x 1020 particles (ions, atoms, etc. ) Resistance per unit length of fluid
cm
6.37 x 10°2/m
6.37 x 10°2/m
both inside and outside axon (r)
Conductivity per unit length of
axon membrane (gm)
1.25 x 10-4 mho/m
In the resting state, the axon voltage is -70mV.
During the pulse, the voltage changes to about
+30mV, resulting in a net voltage change across
the membrane of 100…
Assume an axon has the same characteristics as the class example
except the radius of the axon is 0.005 mm and the membrane
thickness is 20.0 nm. The percentage fractional change in the
concentration of Na+ ions in the axon during one action potential is
%? Record the answer to the nearest one
thousandth.
What is the magnitude of the electric field across an axon membrane 1.2×10−8 m thick if the resting potential is -70 mV ?
Chapter 20 Solutions
General Physics, 2nd Edition
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- What is the magnitude of the electric field in unite of N/C across an axon membrane (1.00x10^0)x10-8 m thick if the resting potential is -(7.400x10^1) mV?arrow_forwardThe velocity of spike propagation is proportional to the following combination of factors: 1 a C, V R„R, m Where a is the radius of the axon, Rm and R; are specific resistances of the membrane and the internal buffer, respectively. If we double the radius and simultaneously increase the concentration of salt inside the axon twice (i.e. R; decreases two times), by how many fold will the velocity change?arrow_forwardPeripheral (vascular) resistance is (A) directly proportional to the length of the vessel (B) directly proportional to the viscosity of the blood (C) inversely proportional to the radius to the fourth power (D) A and B (E) all of the abovearrow_forward
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- Which statement is true for the propagation of the action potential? (Any number of right answers is possible. Mark right answers with the green tick and wrong ones with the red cross.) There are no voltage-gated Na" channels below the myelin sheath, thereby the stimulus propagates saltatory, resulting in a larger propagation velocity. Due to the inactive state of Na' channels following their open state, the action potential propagates in a given direction and cannot return. O It is responsible for the short-distance conduction of the stimulus. Since Na channels have two states (open and closed), the action potential propagates in a given direction and cannot return. Please Disregard the answers as they might be correct or wrong answers !arrow_forwardFind the radius of the unmyelinated axon (m) with space parameter A = 14 mm, (Resistance of a unit area of the membrane, Rm =0.2 Q.m², Resistivity of axoplasm, p, =2 Q.m). A. 0.00392 B. 0.01568 C. None D. 0.02352 E. 0.00784arrow_forwarda) How does voltage change over distance from the stimulator on the artificial axon? AND why does this occur? (Think: where is the current going?) b) How and why are neurons affected by the addition of myelin (think membrane resistance, capacitance, and the length constant)?arrow_forward
- In cardiovascular physiology the resistance R of a blood vessel of radius r and long L obeys the following equation R=8Ln/πr4where the Greek letter eta represents the viscosity of the blood. Suppose that a certain arteriole reduces its resistance at the rate of –1,000mmHg ∙ min. ∙ L-1 per minute elapsed. At what rate does its radius increase the instant it has a magnitude of 150μm and the resistance R of the arteriole is 3 x 106mmHg ∙ min. ∙ L-1?arrow_forwardQuestion 7 50 40 40 Peak action potential Depolarization Repolarization 0.2/0.5 points Membrane potential (mV) 0 - Threshold of excitation -50 Initial stimulus -70 resting hyperpolarization resting return to resting -100 When are voltage gated Na+ channels closed (and inactivated)? The different ranges provided start at resting, go through an AP, and end at resting. (-70mV to -50mV) (-50mV to +40mV) (+40mV to -70mV) (-70mV to -80mV) (-80mV to -70mV)arrow_forwardA fluid-filled catheter is 100 cm long and has a diameter of 1 mm. What is the resistance to the blood flow when the viscosity of blood is 0.0027 Newton-seconds (N-s)/m2. Calculate resistance in GPa-s/m3.arrow_forward
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