General Physics, 2nd Edition
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780471522782
Author: Morton M. Sternheim
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 18, Problem 7RQ
To determine
The action potential involves a sudden increase in the membrane permeability to
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12. (a) Using Eq. AQ=CAV and the data in the Table, calculate the number of ions entering the axon during
the action potential, per meter of nonmyelinated axon length. (The charge on the ion is 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb.)
(b) During the resting state of the axon, typical concentrations of sodium and potassium ions inside the axon
are 15 and 150 millimole/liter, respectively. From the data in the Table, calculate the number of ions per
meter length of the axon.
Table 13.1 Properties of Sample Axons
Hint:
1 F (farad) = 1coulomb/1 volt
Property
Nonmyelinated axon
Myelinated axon
Axon radius
5 x 10-m
5 x 10-6 m
1 mole /liter = 6.02 x 1020 particles (ions, atoms, etc. ) Resistance per unit length of fluid
cm
6.37 x 10°2/m
6.37 x 10°2/m
both inside and outside axon (r)
Conductivity per unit length of
axon membrane (gm)
1.25 x 10-4 mho/m
In the resting state, the axon voltage is -70mV.
During the pulse, the voltage changes to about
+30mV, resulting in a net voltage change across
the membrane of 100…
How many actin monomers within an actin filament would a myosin molecule need to ratchet in order to contract a cell by approximately 1 μm? How fast could a non-muscle cell make this contraction compared to a muscle cell if the relative rates of myosin walks on F-actin are 4.5 μm/sec and 0.04 μm/sec for myosin II and I respectively?
What is the magnitude of the electric field across an axon membrane 1.2×10−8 m thick if the resting potential is -70 mV ?
Chapter 18 Solutions
General Physics, 2nd Edition
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1RQCh. 18 - Prob. 2RQCh. 18 - Prob. 3RQCh. 18 - Prob. 4RQCh. 18 - Prob. 5RQCh. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - Prob. 7RQCh. 18 - Prob. 8RQCh. 18 - Prob. 9RQCh. 18 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - Prob. 2ECh. 18 - Prob. 3ECh. 18 - Prob. 4ECh. 18 - Prob. 5ECh. 18 - Prob. 6ECh. 18 - Prob. 7ECh. 18 - Prob. 8ECh. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10ECh. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Prob. 26E
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- a) How does voltage change over distance from the stimulator on the artificial axon? AND why does this occur? (Think: where is the current going?) b) How and why are neurons affected by the addition of myelin (think membrane resistance, capacitance, and the length constant)?arrow_forwardThe velocity of spike propagation is proportional to the following combination of factors: 1 a C, V R„R, m Where a is the radius of the axon, Rm and R; are specific resistances of the membrane and the internal buffer, respectively. If we double the radius and simultaneously increase the concentration of salt inside the axon twice (i.e. R; decreases two times), by how many fold will the velocity change?arrow_forwarda) What was the smallest voltage required to produce a contraction (the threshold voltage)? What proportion of the fibers in the muscle do you think were contracting to produce this small response? b) What was the smallest voltage required to produce the maximum (largest) contraction? What proportion of the fibers in the muscle do you think were contracting to produce this maximal response?arrow_forward
- i was just wondering how you got 22 and 62 for t2 in - ht=ut-12gt20arrow_forwardWhat is the magnitude of the electric field in unite of N/C across an axon membrane (1.00x10^0)x10-8 m thick if the resting potential is -(7.400x10^1) mV?arrow_forwardFind the radius of the unmyelinated axon (m) with space parameter A = 14 mm, (Resistance of a unit area of the membrane, Rm =0.2 Q.m², Resistivity of axoplasm, p, =2 Q.m). A. 0.00392 B. 0.01568 C. None D. 0.02352 E. 0.00784arrow_forward
- E13P11arrow_forwardQuestion 7 50 40 40 Peak action potential Depolarization Repolarization 0.2/0.5 points Membrane potential (mV) 0 - Threshold of excitation -50 Initial stimulus -70 resting hyperpolarization resting return to resting -100 When are voltage gated Na+ channels closed (and inactivated)? The different ranges provided start at resting, go through an AP, and end at resting. (-70mV to -50mV) (-50mV to +40mV) (+40mV to -70mV) (-70mV to -80mV) (-80mV to -70mV)arrow_forwardDont give me scietific notations. Consider the tolerancearrow_forward
- how can this solution be correct when the question asks if the orginal temp (18*) was raised by 10*? Shouldn't that make the final Temp 28*? if this is so i get 1.24x10^-2arrow_forward(III) During an action potential, Na* ions move into the cell at a rate of about 3 × 10-7 mol/m² - s. How much power must be produced by the "active Na* pumping" system to produce this flow against a +30-mV potential difference? Assume that the axon is 10 cm long and 20 µm in diameter.arrow_forwardIf the distance between the two sides of the phospholipid bilayer were to increase by 4-fold, what would happen to the capacitance of the membrane? Increase 4-fold Increase 8-fold It would be 1/4 It would be 1/8arrow_forward
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