Concept explainers
To determine: The pathway of sexual differentiation (male or female) which is regarded as the default pathway.
Introduction: There are obvious
To determine: The reason due to which a particular pathway of sexual differentiation (male or female) is regarded as the default pathway.
Introduction: There are obvious phenotypic differences among males and females. The differences between the sexes in humans are emphasized with the help of secondary sex characteristics which include the body size, the patterns of fat distribution, muscle mass, and the development of male or female sex organs such as penis or vagina respectively.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
- Which of the following is TRUE about the mechanism of sex determination? A) The product of the SRY gene converts the bipotential gonads into testes. B) The development of an ovary is conditioned by the presence of two X chromosomes. (C) Testosterone promotes the degeneration of the Mullerian duct. D. The ovary produces a Wolffian inhibition factor that causes the Wolffian duct to degenerate. E) The "feminization" of accessory sex orgarts is promoted by the ovary.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding the determinants of sexual development: the presence of the gene for HY antigen on the Y chromosome determines whether a testis develops from the gonadal ridge. the presence of MIS determines whether the Wolffian ducts develop. the presence of estrogen determines whether a vagina develops. the presence of DHT determines whether a prostate develops.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT TRUE? A) Menopause is marked by elevated levels of gonadotropins. A spermatozoon can survive for more than five days in a female reproductive tract. C) The proliferative endometrial phase is promoted by progesterone. Synthetic estrogens act as contraceptives by preventing the ovarian luteal phase. The hormonal basis of stress-induced amenorrhea is due to the influence of the limbic system on GNRH secretion.arrow_forward
- Why might exaggerated secondary sexual characteristics in males demonstrate a superior genotype to females?arrow_forwardWhat is the function of each part of the diagram?Male Reproductive System: What two phases of a person's life do testosterone determine "male" development? Consider both gonadal and brain development, as outlined in the slides, as well as secondary sex characteristics. What does this imply about gender identity later in life? Female Reproductive System:Label this diagram. What is the function of each part of the diagram? Explain IN DETAIL how the following figure describes one month in a woman's life between puberty and menopause. What is happening day by day? What happens at puberty to get it started and what happens at menopause to end it?arrow_forwardFigure 43.15 Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false? LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries. Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken. Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol.arrow_forward
- Although the most effective form of an oral contraceptive for woman contain estrogen and progestin, some birth control pills contain a small dose of progestin-only. This is because there are many risks and side effects. Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for using a progestin-only oral contraceptive? Select one: A. progesterone maintains the corpus luteum as corpus luteum release a large amount of progesterone and estrogen. B. progesterone suppresses the maturation of follicles, thereby preventing ovulation of a mature ovum. C. progestin-only oral contraceptives prevent the production of FSH and LH in the anterior pituitary. D. progesterone suppresses the production of GnRH in the hypothalamus.arrow_forwardHormone replacement therapy was advertised first to women in the 1990s as a way of increasing their youthfulness. Hormone replacement therapy today is usually taking pills to increase someone's estrogen or testosterone supply. Pick either estrogen or testosterone. For either one: 1) How does your chosen sex hormone work at the cellular and at the molecular level? 2) How do these hormones improve the reproductive system as a whole? 3) What are the benefits of doing hormone replacement therapy? 4) What are the harms of doing hormone replacement therapy? 5) Who would be an ideal candidate for hormone replacement therapy?arrow_forwardwhat causes differences in sex development (DSD)?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the Female Reproductive System is TRUE? Select one: A) Follicles are located in the ovarian cortex, which has a rich supply of blood vessels and nerve fibres. B) The female gonads secrete progesterone, estrogen, and oxytocin. C) Connective tissue makes up the walls of the ovaries, uterus, and vagi na – whereas epithelial tissue lines the inner sides of the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and vagina. D) Microbial growth is deterred by the non-acidic environment of the vagi na. E) Each ovary is held in place within the abdominopelvic cavity by three ligaments – the broad, suspensory, and uterine ligaments.arrow_forwardWhat are the organizing effects of sex hormones? Compare the negative feedback loops in the male reproductive system with those of the female’s reproductive cycle. Describe an example of positive feedback involving estrogen that leads to ovulation. What are the hormonal changes during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?arrow_forwardWhy do anabolic steroids lead to reduced sperm counts?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax