Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 12QP
Mutations Can Uncouple chromosomal Sex from
Discuss whether the following individuals (1) have male or female gonads, (2) are phenotypically male or female (discuss Wolffian/Müllerian ducts and external genitalia), and (3) are sterile or fertile.
- a. XY, homozygous for a recessive mutation in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway, producing no testosterone
- b. XX, heterozygous for a dominant mutation in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway, which causes continuous production of testosterone
- c. XY, heterozygous for a recessive mutation in the MIH gene
- d. XY, homozygous fora recessive mutation in the SRY gene that abolishes function
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. Researchers discovered recently that the sole functionof the SRY protein is to activate an autosomal genecalled Sox9 in the presumptive gonad (before it has“decided” to become a testis or an ovary).a. What would be the sex of an XY individual homozygous for nonfunctional mutant alleles of Sox9?Explain.
Researchers discovered recently that the sole functionof the SRY protein is to activate an autosomal genecalled Sox9 in the presumptive gonad (before it has“decided” to become a testis or an ovary).a. What would be the sex of an XY individual homozygous for nonfunctional mutant alleles of Sox9?Explain.b. Given your answer to part (a), why is SRY, ratherthan Sox9, considered the male determining factor?(Hint: What do you think would happen if you didan experiment like the one in the Fast Forward BoxTransgenic Mice Prove That SRY Is the MalenessFactor, except that you used a Sox9 transgeneinstead of SRY?)
Question 15: Consider the consequence if one of the mutations you tested for complementation
was a dominant mutation. You should see that complementation tests could not be used to provide
information about dominant mutations.
a) If a mutation were dominant how would your interpretation of the phenotype of the diploid be
altered?
No change would occur v
b) How would you test whether any of these trp mutations were dominant?
There is no way to test fc V
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1EGCh. 7.6 - Prob. 2EGCh. 7 - As outlined in this chapter, sex can be defined at...Ch. 7 - As outlined in this chapter, sex can be defined at...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1QPCh. 7 - The Human Reproductive System Discuss and compare...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3QPCh. 7 - A Survey of Human Development from Fertilization...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5QPCh. 7 - Prob. 6QP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7QPCh. 7 - How Is Sex Determined? The absence of a Y...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9QPCh. 7 - Mutations Can Uncouple Chromosomal Sex from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11QPCh. 7 - Mutations Can Uncouple chromosomal Sex from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 13QPCh. 7 - Sex-Influenced and Sex-Limited Traits What method...Ch. 7 - Prob. 15QPCh. 7 - Prob. 16QPCh. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...Ch. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...Ch. 7 - Equalizing the Expression of X Chromosome Genes in...
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- Question:- A) Give one domain.motif found in the SRY portion and state clearly how it leads to the development of the Wollfian system. B) Explain the genotype and the phenotype of an XY female and how such an individual could occur. C) Explain the genotype and the phenotype of an XX male and how such an individual could occur.arrow_forwardIn drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormal phenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonic development. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm. (A) Using m+ to denote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a cross between a heterozygous female and a recessive male. (B) From the offspring, backcross the recessive female with the paternal strain. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s? (C) If m-m- females produce useless eggs, then how are m-m- produced?arrow_forwardThe maternal-effect mutation bicoid (bcd) is recessive. Inthe absence of the bicoid protein product, embryogenesis isnot completed. Consider a cross between a female heterozygousfor the bicoid mutation (bcd+/ bcd-) and a homozygousmale(bcd-/ bcd-). How is it possible for a male homozygous for the mutationto exist?arrow_forward
- In drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormalphenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonicdevelopment. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm. Using m+ todenote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a crossbetween a heterozygous female and a recessive male. From the offspring, backcross the recessivefemale with the paternal strain. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s?arrow_forwardIn drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormal phenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonic development. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm. Using m+ to denote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a cross between a heterozygous female and a recessive male. From the offspring, backcross the recessive female with the paternal strain. 1. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s? 2. If m-m- females produce useless eggs, then how are m-m- produced?arrow_forwardIn drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormal phenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonic development. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm. Using m+ to denote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a cross between a heterozygous female and a recessive male. From the offspring, backcross the recessive female with the paternal strain. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s? Show COMPLETE cross for both cases. If m-m- females produce useless eggs, then how are m-m- produced?arrow_forward
- XX individuals can be sex-reversed males if one of their X chromosomes contains a translocated portion of the Y chromosome that includes the SRY gene. In light of what you now know about X-chromosome inactivation, it seems that this karyotype might have more complex consequences. In fact, although most such males are completely sex-reversed, X-chromosome inactivation can cause some of these XX males to have varying degrees of residual female characteristics. a. X-chromosome inactivation in normal XX embryos occurs earlier in development than SRY production in normal XY embryos. When present on a translocation X chromosome, SRY is subject to inactivation. Formulate a hypothesis to explain why many XX individuals with a translocation X chromosome that includes the SRY gene are not completely sex-reversed (male). b. Based on your answer to part (a), why do you think some individuals with this karyotype are completely sex-reversed?arrow_forwardYou are to discover the chromosomal location (autosomal or X linked) and mode of inheritance for two new fly mutations coughrotato (cp) and happyhour, (bb) The homozygous couchpotato (cpcp) phenotype is (sedentary) an extreme lack of activity The homozygous happyhour (hhhh) can drink any other fly under the table so phenotype (drinker) PARENTS Cross Male double homozygous mutants cp hh with Female wild wild CP HH are to be crossed BUT FIRST you don't know if either gene is on the X chromosome Parental diploid genotypes could be: male çpcphbbh female CPCPHHHH if Both genes autosomal or Male XcpYhbhh female XCPXCPHHHH if cp on the X chromosome and bh autosomal or Male cpcpXhhY female CPCPXHHXHH if hh on the X chromosome and cp autosomal What are the female and male PARENTAL GAMETE GENOTYPES for the above parental crosses if: a) Both genes were autosomal ((REMEMBER BOTH GENDER HAVE ONE GAMETE GENO) b) cp gene on the X chromosome and hh autosomal (REMEMBER MALES WITH HAVE 2 GAMETE GENO) c)…arrow_forwardB4. In a woman with translocation of a small chromosomal segment from the chromosome 5 on chromosome 10 and a normal phenotype, prenatal screening is done for the carrying fetus. The woman is 10 weeks pregnant. It is determined that the fetus will have a structural chromosomal abnormality (deficiency) and will manifest mental retardation. A. Detail the procedures followed by the clinician geneticist in order to arrive at the above diagnosis. In which comments supported? B. What is the name of the syndrome that the child will manifest? B3. In different strains of the bacterium E.coli an inability to copied. The following problems were recorded: Strain 1 : Copy not starting. Stem 2 : No primary segment is composed. Strain 3 : Many short DNA segments complementary and antiparallel with parent chains. Strain 4: Many errors in the newly synthesized chains. Indicate regions of the corresponding genome of bacterial strains that may have been mutated with resulting in the above…arrow_forward
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