Concept explainers
To review:
From the given data, we are required to examine whether both the capsules Contracten X and GITS are able to reduce the workload of heart.
Introduction:
A person who is suffering from hypertension needs to take Nifedipine drug under a doctor’s provisions. The function of this drug lowers the blood pressure and relaxes the blood vessels, so that the blood can flow easily. This medication should be taken regularly for effective results. A person who is suffering from hypertension needs to exercise on regular basis to avoid blood clotting. The given chart illustrates the effects of capsules GITS and Contarcten X over systolic blood pressure with respect to time (hours).
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Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
- Nifedipine is an antihypertension medication that is also used to reduce the workload on the heart. The study below compares the effects of two different types of capsules used to administer the drug to patients (GITSred line, and Cotracten Xblue line). Each graph shows changes with time following initial administra- tion of the capsules. Figure A compares the levels of nifedipine in the blood with each capsule type. The ability of the different cap- sules to reduce workload on the heart by altering blood pressure or heart rate is shown in Figures B and C, respectively. Are elevated plasma levels of nifedipine(above 10 ng/mL) required for the drug to perform its actions? Source: M. J. Brown and C. B. Toal. 2008. Formulation of long-acting nifedipine tablets influences the heart rate and sympathetic nervous system response in hypertensive patients. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 65:646652.arrow_forwardNifedipine is an antihypertension medication that is also used to reduce the workload on the heart. The study below compares the effects of two different types of capsules used to administer the drug to patients (GITSred line, and Cotracten Xblue line). Each graph shows changes with time following initial administra- tion of the capsules. Figure A compares the levels of nifedipine in the blood with each capsule type. The ability of the different cap- sules to reduce workload on the heart by altering blood pressure or heart rate is shown in Figures B and C, respectively. Which type of capsule would you expect to have fewer side effects? Source: M. J. Brown and C. B. Toal. 2008. Formulation of long-acting nifedipine tablets influences the heart rate and sympathetic nervous system response in hypertensive patients. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 65:646652.arrow_forwardThe circulatory system is controlled in the Medulla oblongata through the accelerator and inhibitory centres. Draw a schematic diagram to show the sequences of events following low or high blood pressure detected at the baroreceptors.arrow_forward
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- Calculate drug clearance in the figure below assuming that drug dose was 4000 mg: 1000 y 400e0916 100 10 05 (25 Time thours) Plasma concentr ation (me/L)arrow_forwardA patient taking ketoconazole, an antifungal agent, was also prescribed dofetilide to treat arrhythmias. The therapeutic window for dofetilide is 8–15 μg/mL. The patient’s serum levels are taken 48 hours after his first dose and his serum levels are 3 μg/mL. What is the cause of these reduced serum levels?arrow_forwardOne way of reducing risk of cardiovascular disease is to ensure you are getting lots of antioxidants in your diet. What antioxidants would you recommend and not recommend for someone at risk of cardiovascular disease that is also on medication that interferes with their blood’s clotting mechanism? Explain the reasons for your recommendations in one to two paragraphs. Also, list three medical conditions that can alter a person's vitamin requirements. Explain what vitamin/s would be affected and how they should alter their dietary from normal recommendations.arrow_forward
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