To review:
The manner in which various stimuli are perceived as different in the central nervous system, as all sensory receptors send signals in a similar manner.
Introduction:
Sensory receptors are located in sense organs and are responsible for detecting stimulus. A stimulus is any change in the environment, be it chemical, physical, or mechanical. The stimulus is perceived by sensory organs and results in generation of receptor potential. The receptors send signals to the brain, which interprets the data and sends signals to motor organs that proceed accordingly. The brain, a part of central nervous system (CNS), is an important organ and all information is primarily passed to CNS, except for reflex actions.
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Chapter 41 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
- Name six categories of sensory receptors and the type of stimulus that each type detects.arrow_forwardWhich of the special senses is based on the following events? Membrane vibrations cause fluid movements, which lead to bending of mechanoreceptors and firing of action potentials. a. taste b. smell c. hearing d. visionarrow_forwardHow do sensory receptors collect information?arrow_forward
- Environmental input to different sensory systems affects different neuroanatomical pathways. However, there is a basic, common pathway plan that most sensory systems share. Choose the response option that best describes that plan. receptors --> hindbrain --> midbrain --> cortical association area receptors --> medulla --> hypothalamus --> frontal cortex receptors -> spinal nerves --> midbrain --> temporal cortex receptors >brainstem --> thalamus --> primary cortical areaarrow_forwardA light signal activates a photoreceptor, which, in turn, activates a bipolar cell. Horizontal cells in the retina inactivate the surrounding bipolar cells. Which of the following is the correct sensory system property that this example is describing? Frequency coding Population coding Stimulus type O Lateral inhibition Receptor adaptationarrow_forwardWhich sensory receptors permit you to perform actions such as finding your way into bed in the dark?arrow_forward
- An example of a sensory neuron is one that leads from a pain receptor in the finger to the spinal cord. A pin can be pressed against the skin without eliciting a response from the pain receptor. However, if the pin is jabbed into the finger, the pain receptor may be stimulated and the finger would quickly be withdrawn through a reflex arc. How do we sense different types of pain (very painful vs. not painful at all)? Using the threshold potential and the all-or-none principle, explain how it is possible to sense different levels of pain.arrow_forwardPotassium channels opens, allowing potassium ions to move out. Some sodium channels open in the dendrite. All ion channels close and the Na+/K+ exchange pump starts working. Sodium ions diffuse toward a node of Ranvier. Lights hit the retina. The threshold level is reached at the node of Ranvier. Many sodium channels open in the axon membrane, allowing sodium ions to move in. List, in order, the events in visual perception that must occur for a person to see an object.arrow_forwardReceptor cells that are neurons with sensory dendrites are faster than receptor cells that are separate from neurons. Why is that, and why might that be important in, for example, the sense of touch versus vision?arrow_forward
- The sensory contex is the area of your brain that processes sensations from your body. Each section of the sensory cortex processes information from a different body part. Larger body parts, such as you back or thighs, do not necessarily receive more space the sensory cortex. Explain why larger areas of your body such as your stomach back or thighs do not have a large space in the sensory cortex of the brain and why is it important that these areas cannot distinguish minor sensations.arrow_forwardWhat are the similarities in how receptive fields are represented by the nervous system? What advantage does this give us with respect to senses?arrow_forwardWhat are the four types of sensory receptors for the general senses? What is the nature of the stimuli that excite each type?arrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning