Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 2CT
In 1911, the Polish scientist Casimir Funk proposed that a limited diet of polished white rice (rice without the husks) caused beriberi, a disease of the central nervous system. Even though history has proven him correct—beriberi is caused by a thiamine deficiency, which in his day resulted from unsophisticated milling techniques that removed the thiamine-rich husks—Funk was criticized by his contemporaries, who told him to find the microbe that caused beriberi. Explain how the prevailing scientific philosophy of the day shaped the point of view of Funk’s detractors.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Maargerines made from plant oils are healthier, since they are hydrogenated for spreadability?
A)True
B)false
In 1971, Dr. Akira Endo, working at the
Sankyo company in Tokyo speculated that fungi not
only contained antibiotics but also inhibitors of other
processes such as cholesterol metabolism. Over a
period of several years, he screened more than 6,000
fungal cultures until a positive result emerged. This
compound, which was named compactin, came from
the blue-green mold Penicillium citrinum Pen-5 that
was isolated from a rice sample collected at a grain
shop in Kyoto. Based on biochemical assays,
compactin is the first known statin.
1. The original kinetics data for compactin inhibition
of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme that was published
by Dr. Endo in 1976 is shown on the right.
a) Determine the Km and Vmax values for enzymatic
activity. Do NOT forget the units. Answers can be
expressed either as a fraction or in decimals.
With No inhibitor:
; Vmax=
-60
1/V, (nanomoles/min)-1
0.4
0.35+
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
-40 -20 0
+ 24 nM compactin
+ 70 nM compactin
None
T
20 40 60
1/[HMG-CoA], (mM)-1…
A friend who has lakefront property and who cherishes her lush, green lawn complains of green, foul-smelling scum on the lake each summer. Explain how her lawn might be contributing to the problem?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 1 - What does the science of microbiology study?Ch. 1 - Are most microorganisms harmful or harmless to...Ch. 1 - Patty is a mother to 14-year-old twins and works...Ch. 1 - What scientific device did van Leeuwenhoek create?Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MICCh. 1 - Van Leeuwenhoek described bacteria, archaea,...Ch. 1 - All eukaryotic cells contain most of their genetic...Ch. 1 - What term describes the idea that living organisms...Ch. 1 - The investigations of which researcher finally...Ch. 1 - Today we understand that yeasts and bacteria can...
Ch. 1 - What industry has the work of Pasteur most...Ch. 1 - Which researcher ultimately gave us a method for...Ch. 1 - Which researcher developed the staining technique...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11MICCh. 1 - The use of antiseptic chemicals during surgical...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13MICCh. 1 - Some people consider Leeuwenhoek the Father of...Ch. 1 - Why might Nightingale be considered the Mother of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 1 - In the late 18th century, Philadelphia was one of...Ch. 1 - Emerging Disease Case Study Variant...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1MCFUCh. 1 - Dr. Andrews has a lot of questions tot Patty. When...Ch. 1 - Which of the following microorganisms are not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - In which habitat would you most likely find...Ch. 1 - Of the following scientists, who first promulgated...Ch. 1 - Which of the following scientists hypothesized...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6MCCh. 1 - Prob. 7MCCh. 1 - Prob. 8MCCh. 1 - Prob. 9MCCh. 1 - The laboratory of Robert Koch contributed which of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 1 - Chemotherapy _______________Ch. 1 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 1 - Infection control _______________Ch. 1 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 1 - Epidemiology _______________Ch. 1 - Biotechnology _______________Ch. 1 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 1 - Why was the theory of spontaneous generation a...Ch. 1 - Discuss the significant difference between the...Ch. 1 - List six types of microorganisms.Ch. 1 - Defend this statement: The investigations of...Ch. 1 - Why would a macroscopic tapeworm be studied in...Ch. 1 - Describe what has been called the Golden Age of...Ch. 1 - List four major questions that drive...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8SACh. 1 - Prob. 9SACh. 1 - What does the term HAI (nosocomial infection) have...Ch. 1 - Match each of the following descriptions with the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1VICh. 1 - Prob. 2VICh. 1 - If Robert Koch had become interested in a viral...Ch. 1 - In 1911, the Polish scientist Casimir Funk...Ch. 1 - Haemophilus influenzae does not cause flu, but it...Ch. 1 - Just before winter break in early December, your...Ch. 1 - Design an experiment to prove that microbes do not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6CTCh. 1 - Compare and contrast the investigations of Redi,...Ch. 1 - If you were a career counselor directing a student...Ch. 1 - A few bacteria produce disease because they derive...Ch. 1 - How might the debate over spontaneous generation...Ch. 1 - French microbiologists, led by Pasteur, tried to...Ch. 1 - Why arent Kochs postulates always useful in...Ch. 1 - Albert Kluyver said, From elephant to ......Ch. 1 - The ability of farmers around the world to produce...Ch. 1 - Prob. 15CTCh. 1 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The microbiology department is celebrating the end of the school year in May by holding its traditional picnic on the green. The speeches drag on for a couple of hours, but finally all the faculty and students can dig into the food: chicken salad, tomatoes, onions, salad, and custard pie. By evening, the whole department, except for two vegetarian students who did not eat the chicken salad, is stricken with nausea, vomiting, retching, and abdominal cramping. Several individuals complain of diarrhea. One patient shows signs of shock (low blood pressure). Blood and stool samples are collected from patients, and an analysis of all foods served at the meal is conducted. Bacteria can cause gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract) either by colonizing and replicating in the host, which is considered an infection, or by secreting toxins, which is considered intoxication. Signs and symptoms of infections are typically delayed, whereas intoxication manifests within…arrow_forwardA microbiologist identifies a bacterium that is capable of degrading cellulose, lignin, chitin, latex, aromatic chemicals, and keratin. It produces metabolic byproducts that give soil a musty smell as well as some that can be used as antibiotics. Which of the following genera is being described? View Available Hint(s) for Part A Pseudomonas Campylobacter Neisseria Streptomycesarrow_forwardA parent calls to ask about giving a medication for diarrhea to his child, 12 years of age, who is recovering from the flu. The nurse expects the prescriber to recommend which medication? a) bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)b )Lactobacillus GG (Culturelle)c )belladonna alkaloid/phenobarbital combination (Donnatal Elixir)d) loperamide (Imodium A-D)arrow_forward
- A child consumed watermelon in a restaurant and was thereafter infected with Esc. coli O157:H7. Investigations revealed that the knife used to slice the melon was also used to cut raw beef (and then washed). What could have been done to prevent the situation?arrow_forward1) Which of the following apply(ies) to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis? Choose all that apply: a) B. anthracis forms spores while B. cereus does not b) B. cereus is more lethal when it causes an infection c) B. anthracis has extra-chromosomal DNA that makes it more pathogenic d) Despite their similar names, the two are actually not at all related e) The 16S rRNA gene sequences of these bacteria are more than 99% identical, meaning that they are actually members of the same speciesarrow_forwardWhy do yeasts generally have to be cultured for longer periods than most bacteria? Can bacteriological media be used for the cultivation of molds? Explain your answer. What is the difference between vegetative and aerial mycelia? What are the three classes of antifungal drugs based on their mechanism/site of action? Describe the mode of action of each class. Name one fungal virulence factors that promote fungal colonization. Explain the mechanism. Name one fungal virulence factors that damage the host. Explain the mechanism.arrow_forward
- 34) Which of the following fungal diseases involves an intracellular parasite that partially disables macrophages, allowing for spread beyond the lungs. A) Coccidioidomycosis C) Pneumocystis B) Blastomycosis D) Histoplasmosis 35) Of the following genetic material types seen in viruses, which genetic material type leads to rapid, almost immediate production of viral proteins, followed closely by replication of the genome leading to rapid synthesis of new viruses, which tends to overwhelm the host, as exemplified in a viral disease which causes more than 200,000 deaths of children worldwide each year. A) negative (-) strand single-stranded RNA B) double-stranded RNA D) positive (+) strand single-stranded RNA C) single-stranded DNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a correct way to write a bacterial name? O 1) Escherichia coli O 2) Staphylococcus Aureus O 3) STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS O 4) bacillus Subtilis O 5) pseudomonas aeruginosaarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about Pasteurella multocida is false?a) Infections generally respond to a penicillin.b) It can cause epidemics of fatal disease in domestic animals.c) It is commonly found in the mouths of biting animals, including humans.d) A vaccine is used to prevent P. multocida disease in people.e) Cat bites are more likely to result in P. multocida infections than dog bites.arrow_forward
- Why is sporotrichosis sometimes called rose gardener’s disease?arrow_forwardA mature amoebae cyst that has four ring-like nuclei could be a) Entamoeba histolytica b) Entamoeba coli c) Entamoeba dispar d) Entamoeba gingivalisarrow_forwardprior to this study, why did researchers never notice that B. anthracis can make both an S-layer and a capsule simultaneously? I need help finding the answer in the article and explan in the shortest way please i linked the url for the full article https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106848/arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Essentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:Cengage
Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions
Nursing
ISBN:9781305441620
Author:WOODROW
Publisher:Cengage
Bacterial Infections in Humans; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FeFKAl9KyMg;License: Standard Youtube License