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- A C2 G This a photograph of an actual polyacrylamide gel that has been run with samples of protein. For each question, write the letter from the item in the gel that best matches the word or concept that is described. Answers may be used once, more than once, or not at all. There may be more than one correct answer per question. 1. Band 2. Lane 3. Well 4. Will protein migrate through the gel from A to B or will it migrate from B to A? 5. Which end is nearest the negative electrode, A or B? 6. Which contains smaller protein fragments, F or G? 7. Which letter indicates the highest concentration of protein fragments that are the same size 8. Where would a sample of protein be loaded? B.6a. Using your 5 mg/mL stock solution, you wish to make 100µL of the correct concentration of protein to load. How do you make this working solution? (Yes- you would want this to be in 1x sample buffer, but that makes this question more complicated. So for this question just make the protein in water.) Volume of 10mg/ml Final Volume ! 1 100μL of protein 6b. This is a 1: A N Body* @ 2 W S dilution. #3 X E D $ 4 A C R F B I % 5 T V MacBook Pro U וכ H E U 8 N J ( 0VITATI KEY: Positive charge: Purple, Negative Charge: Pink Hydrophilic: Green Hydrophobic: Brown MOSTU. TOUT um b. Now change the second pull down to oil. What changes? וועען a. Set the first pull down to show charge and hydrophobicity and the second pull down as water. Click generate random protein, and then select random mix (last option). Run the simulation (arrow in center of playbar). What do you notice? (ie What type of amino acid are on the outside?) When you run it again, what is the same and what is different? c. Now change the second pull down to vacuum. What changes? What type of interactions remain? d. Now instead of ‘random mix’, click Mostly hydrophobic and toggle between oil and water. What do you notice? e. Lastly click All hydrophilic and toggle between oil and water. What do you notice? 2. What are the monomers (one subunit) of a polypeptide called? ● On the left half of the space below, draw a simple structure of a protein monomer with uncharged functional groups and…
- 6. Consider the following proteins to answer the questions below: Protein Size (kDa) pl ε at 280 nm 10 4 7000 50 4 14000 10 8 3000 50 8 50000 A B C C Red Colored? Yes No No No b. Describe a two-step purification procedure that could be used to purify/isolate protein A from the other proteins. In your response, describe the type of chromatography used, the pH of buffer needed, and a labeled chromatogram (include absorbances at both 280 and 400 nm). Make sure you note which "fraction/sample" is needed from the first step to proceed/use for the second step. Use another page if necessary.3. A. Briefly discuss the four levels of structure in proteins. Knowing that the 3-dimensional shape of a protein is important to its function, discuss on a qualitative basis whether the changes below will likely alter the function of a protein, justifying your answer with why or why not. B. What would happen to a protein's functionality if a serine residue were replaced with threonine? C. What would happen if serine were replaced with leucine? D. What would happen if serine were replaced with cysteine? E. What would happen if aspartic acid were replaced with tryptophan in the part of the protein (an enzyme) that serves as an active site to catalyze a reaction? F. What would happen if aspartic acid were replaced with tryptophan in a non-active site?Help me
- Which of the following statements best describe(s) the mechanism by which correct protein folding takes place once the misfolded protein binds the open ring of groEL? Select all that apply. The groEL ring closes to isolate the protein and provide enough time for the protein to properly fold on its own. b and d The groEL ring closes to provide a hydrophilic space to isolate the protein and inhibit its aggregation with others until properly folded. The groEL ring closes to isolate the protein and provide steric hindrance that mechanically refolds the protein. The groEL ring closes to isolate the protein and decode the information necessary to achieve the correct three-dimensional structure. None of the above I picked "The groEL ring closes to provide a hydrophilic space..." but it was incorrect..Small molecules are used as inhibitors of protein action - as drugs. They most often do this by blocking the active site within the protein. Potential drugs can be screened computationally to determine if they are strongly bound to the protein. Figure 1 shows a possible conformation of a candidate drug molecule, 4-bromo-2- carboxymethylamide-pyrrole (abbreviation: BCMAP) at the active site of a protein (abbreviation: PR). Figure 2 shows the full protein structure whilst figure 3 shows a known inhibitor of the protein at the site, overlayed with another calculated conformer of BCMAP. (c) Outline how you would investigate whether BCMAP would be an effective inhibitor for the protein in competition with the molecules that the protein normally targets, and any solvent. Figure 1. 4-bromo-2-carboxymethylamide-pyrrole (BCMAP) (C, N, O, and Br atoms in yellow, blue, red, and brown, respectively) in the active site of the protein structure.. Theoretical and experimental measurements show that in many cases, the contributions of ionic and hydrogen-bonding interactions to AH for protein folding are close to zero. Provide an explanation for this result.,
- 2 If a protein is predominantly made up of aliphatic and aromatic amino acids, which of the following is most likely true about such protein? Select the correct responses): a. It is a protein with a net negative charge b. It is most probably a structural protein. c. It is a protein that is cationic in nature. d. It is a protein that is hydrophobic in nature. e. It is most probably a catalytic protein. f. It is a water-solube protein. g. It is most probably a carrier protein.Understanding the Relevance of Chaperones in Protein Folding Protein molecules, like all molecules, can be characterized in terms of general properties such as size, shape, charge, solubility/hydrophobicity. Consider the influence of each of these general features on the likelihood of whether folding of a particular protein will require chaperone assistance or not. Be specific regarding just Hsp7O chaperones or Hsp7O chaperones and Hsp60 chaperonins.Which of the following statements about protein folding and structure are true? Check all that apply. Chaperones, like the GroEL-ES complex, work by providing a sequestered environment in which proteins can safely explore the conformational space towards productive folding. O Chaperones "know" how to actively fold proteins into their proper final structure. Each protein has its own "assigned" chaperone to assist in its proper folding. O Misfolded proteins are innocuous and readily cleared by the cell. V The native structure of a protein is entirely encoded in its amino acid sequence. Misfolded proteins often aggregate in large structures in the cell. Misfolded proteins are thermodynamically stable versions of a protein.