Suppose you have six strains of E. coli. One is wildtype, and each of the other five has a single one of thefollowing mutations: lacZ−, lacY−, lacI−, oc, andlacIS. For each of these six strains, describe thephenotype you would observe using the following assays. [Notes: (1) IPTG is a colorless synthetic molecule that acts as an inducer of lac operon expressionbut cannot serve as a carbon source for bacterialgrowth because it cannot be cleaved byβ-galactosidase; (2) X-gal cannot serve as a carbonsource for growth; (3) E. coli requires active lactosepermease (the product of lacY) to allow lactose,X-gal, or IPTG into the cells.] Colony color in medium containing glycerol as theonly carbon source and X-gal, but no IPTG.d. Colony color in medium containing high levels ofglucose as the only carbon source, X-gal, andIPTG.e. Colony color in medium containing high levels ofglucose as the only carbon source and X-gal, butno IPTG
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
Suppose you have six strains of E. coli. One is wild
type, and each of the other five has a single one of the
following mutations: lacZ−, lacY−, lacI−, oc
, and
lacIS
. For each of these six strains, describe the
but cannot serve as a carbon source for bacterial
growth because it cannot be cleaved by
β-galactosidase; (2) X-gal cannot serve as a carbon
source for growth; (3) E. coli requires active lactose
permease (the product of lacY) to allow lactose,
X-gal, or IPTG into the cells.] Colony color in medium containing glycerol as the
only carbon source and X-gal, but no IPTG.
d. Colony color in medium containing high levels of
glucose as the only carbon source, X-gal, and
IPTG.
e. Colony color in medium containing high levels of
glucose as the only carbon source and X-gal, but
no IPTG
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