Sarah has the utility function U(X,Y)=X°Y<°, When Sarah consumes X=2 and Y=6 she has a marginal rate of substitution (defined as the willingness to give up exchange for X) of ... OA. -6 B. - 12 OC. - 1/12 D. - 1/6
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- Praxilla, who lived in ancient Greece, derives utility from reading poems and from eating cucumbers. Praxilla gets 30 units of marginal utility from her first poem 27 units of marginal utility from her second poem 24 units of marginal utility from her third poem, and so on, with marginal utility declining by three units for each additional poem. Praxilla gets six units of marginal utility for each of her next three cucumbers consumed, five units of marginal utility for each of her next three cucumbers consumed, four units of marginal utility for each of the following three cucumbers consumed, and so on, with marginal utility declining by one for every three cucumber consumed. A poem costs three bronze coins hut a cucumber costs only one bronze coin. Praxilla has 18 bronze coins. Sketch Praxillas budget set between poems and cucumbers, placing poems on the vertical axis and cucumbers on the horizontal axis. Start off with the choice of zero poems and 18 cucumbers, and calculate the changes in marginal utility of moving along the budget line to the next choice of one poem and 15 cucumbers. Using this step-by-step process based on marginal utility, create a table and identify Praxillas utility—maximizing choice. Compare the marginal utility of the two goods and the relative prices at the optimal choice to see if the expected relationship holds. Hint: Label the table columns: 1) Choice, 2} Marginal Gain from More Poems, 3) Marginal Loss from Fewer Cucumbers, 4) Overall Gain or Loss, 5) Is the previous choice Optimal? Label the table rows: 1) 0 Poems and 18 Cucumbers, 2) 1 Poem and 15 cucumbers, 3) 2 Poems and 12 cucumbers, 4) 3 Poems and 9 Cucumbers, 5) 4 Poems and 6 cucumbers 6) 5 Poems and 3 Cucumbers, 7) 6 Poems and 0 Cucumbers.Jeremy is deeply in love with Jasmine. Jasmine lives where cell phone coverage is poor, so he can either call her on the land-line phone for five cents per minute or he can drive to see her, at a round—trip cost of 2 in gasoline money. He has a total of 10 per week to spend on staying in touch. To make his preferred choice, Jeremy uses a handy utilimometer that measures his total utility from personal visits and from phone minutes. Using the values in Table 6.6, figure out the points 011 Jeremys consumption choice budget constraint (it may be helpful to do a sketch) and identify his utility-maximizing point.Would you expect total utility to rise or fall with additional consumption of a good? Why?
- Take Jeremys total utility information in Exercise 6.1, and use the marginal utility approach to confirm the choice of phone minutes and round trips that maximize Jeremys utility.Who determines how much utility an individual will receive from consuming a good?As a college student you work at a part-time job, but your parents also send you a monthly allowance. Suppose one month your parents forgot to send the check. Show graphically how your budget constraint is affected. Assuming you only buy normal goods, what would happen to your purchases of goods?
- Mylie’s total utility from singing the same song over andover is 50 utils after one repetition, 90 utils after tworepetitions, 70 utils after three repetitions, 20 utils afterfour repetitions, 250 utils after five repetitions, and 2200utils after six repetitions. Write down her marginal utilityfor each repetition. Once Mylie’s total utility beginsto decrease, does each additional singing of the songhurt more than the previous one or less than the previousone?Five consumers have the following marginal utility ofapples and pears:Marginal Utilityof ApplesMarginal Utilityof PearsClaire 6 12Phil 6 6Haley 6 3Alex 3 6Luke 3 12The price of an apple is $1, and the price of a pear is$2. Which, if any, of these consumers are optimizingtheir choices of fruit? For those who are not, howshould they change their spending?