Consider an economy where the demand for goods is given by: z = a₁ + a₁Y - a₂i, and the demand for money is given by: Md = bịY – bại. The supply of money is given by M*. Assume that prices are fixed, and all firms are identical and willing to supply any demand for goods. The parameters of the model, (ao, al, az, bı, b2, M*), are all assumed to be positive. (a) Find the equilibrium level of output for this economy. (b) Suppose the government increases its spending by 1 unit. Which of the model's parameters, (ao, al, a2, b1, b2, M*), will change and why? (c) In (b), how much does equilibrium output increase? (d) The IS multiplier is given by 1-a₂ and provide an intuitive explanation as to why this is. Show that the multiplier in (c) is less than this

Consider an economy where the demand for goods is given by: z = a₁ + a₁Y - a₂i, and the demand for money is given by: Md = bịY – bại. The supply of money is given by M. Assume that prices are fixed, and all firms are identical and willing to supply any demand for goods. The parameters of the model, (ao, al, az, bı, b2, M), are all assumed to be positive. (a) Find the equilibrium level of output for this economy. (b) Suppose the government increases its spending by 1 unit. Which of the model's parameters, (ao, al, a2, b1, b2, M*), will change and why? (c) In (b), how much does equilibrium output increase? (d) The IS multiplier is given by 1-a₂ and provide an intuitive explanation as to why this is. Show that the multiplier in (c) is less than this

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Read Kiyotaki (1998). Consider the model in section 2 of the paper. Suppose there is no borrowing constraint (i.e., assume is arbitrarily large). Also assume that a = 1.2, B=0.9, y = 1.05, 8 = 0.1, and n = 4. (The notations of variables and parameters follow Kiyotaki (1998). Just in case, & denotes the lower case of Delta in the Greek alphabet.) Reference: Kiyotaki, N. (1998). "Credit and Business Cycles." The Japanese Economic Review, volume 49, issue 1, (You can obtain a free electronic copy of this article through the university library's website. If you do not know how, please ask the librarians.) Answer the following questions. pages 18-35.
Read Kiyotaki (1998). Consider the model in section 2 of the paper. Suppose there is no borrowing constraint (i.e., assume is arbitrarily large). Also assume that a = 1.2, 3=0.9, y = 1.05, 8 = 0.1, and n = 4. (The notations of variables and parameters follow Kiyotaki (1998). Just in case, & denotes the lower case of Delta in the Greek alphabet.) Reference: Kiyotaki, N. (1998). "Credit and Business Cycles." The Japanese Economic Review, volume 49, issue 1, pages 18-35. (You can obtain a free electronic copy of this article through the university library's website. If you do not know how, please ask the librarians.) Answer the following questions. 1. What is the equilibrium value of the net interest rate in the steady state? Enter your answer in the blank box below. (For example, if your answer is 5% in percentage points, then enter 0.05 in the blank box below.) 2. Compute the ratio of aggregate borrowing (Bt+1/rt) to aggregate output (Yt + Y') in the steady state. (You can assume that…
Read Kiyotaki (1998). Consider the model in section 2 of the paper. Suppose there is no borrowing constraint (i.e., assume 0 is arbitrarily large). Also assume that a = 1.2, ß = 0.9, y = 1.05, d = 0.1, and n = 4. (The notations of variables and parameters follow Kiyotaki (1998). Just in case, & denotes the lower case of Delta in the Greek alphabet.) Reference: Kivotaki, N. (1998). "Credit and Business Cycles." The Japanese Economic Review, volume 49, issue 1, pages 18-35. 1. What is the equilibrium value of the net interest rate in the steady state? (For example, if your answer is 5% in percentage points, then enter 0.05.) 2. Compute the ratio of aggregate borrowing (Bt+1 /rt) to aggregate output (Yt + Y't) in the steady state. (You can assume that this ratio is constant in each period in the steady state.) Notes: Make sure to clarify the notations of variables and parameters in your proof clearly if they are different from those defined in Kiyotaki (1998).
In this problem you will work with the IS-MP model to calculate a macroeconomic equilibrium using algebra. The steps are: 1) find the IS equation 2) find the MP equation 3) combine them by substituting the r value from the MP equation into the IS equation Assume C = 1 + 0.75Y - 0.5T - 25r, I = 19 - 75r, G = 12, T = 14, the average FFR = 0.05, expected inflation is 3%, the risk premium is 4%, and potential output is 80. What is the output gap in the macroeconomic equilibrium?
IS/LM Model refers to the general equilibrium not macroeconomic equilibrium.
Consider the following macroeconomic model: Y = C + Io + Go C = a + b(Y-T) T = d+tY Where the endogenous variables are Y, C and T, while the exogenous variables are G₁ and I. The parameters are such that a > 0,d>0,0
(A Two-Period Sticky-Price Model). Consider a two-period, sticky-price economy like the one studied in lectures 11-13. Suppose that the household’s intertemporal optimality condition is of the form C2 C1 = β P1 P2 (1 + i), where C1 and C2 denote consumption in periods 1 and 2, P1 = P2 = 1 denote the price levels in periods 1 and 2, β = 0.9 denotes the subjective discount factor, and i denotes the nominal interest rate, which must satisfy the zero lower bound (ZLB). Suppose further that the full employment levels of output in periods 1 and 2 are given by Y¯ 1 = Y¯ 2 = 1, and that the economy is always at full employment in period 2 (the long run). Part 1: Suppose the central bank sets the nominal interest rate at the level i ∗ that minimizes unemployment without overheating. Calculate i ∗ . Part 2: Suppose that due to bad expected meteorological conditions, the full-employment level of output in period 2 is revised down to 0.8. Suppose that in response to this news, in period 1 the…
Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 Policymakers plan to balance the budget by decreasing G. What is the size of the Keynesian-Cross government spending multiplier and the horizontal shift of the IS curve? What are the resulting IS-LM equilibrium values of r and Y after the shift? What is the size of the effective (actual) government spending multiplier? Why is it smaller?
Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 2. Assume the natural rate of output is Y̅ = 210, individuals do not hold currency (cr = 0), and the reserve requirement is 10% (rr = 0.1). If the Fed desires to return the economy to its natural level, what should they do with reserves (R) and the money supply (M)? What is the new equilibrium real interest rate?
Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 2. At the equilibrium in part 1, what is the value of national savings (S = Y – C – G)? Investment? Show the results using a graph for the market of loanable funds. Is that market in equilibrium? Explain.
Consider the one-sector Schumpeterian model in discrete time analyzed in the previous exercise, except that now (.) denotes the probability of innovation, and each innovation improves the quality of a machine q to λq, where λ > 1. Suppose that when a new innovation arrives a fraction ϕ of workers employed in the final good production are unable to adapt to this new technology and need to remain unemployed for one time period to “retool.” (a) Define the equilibrium and steady-state (BGP) allocations. [Hint: also specify the number of unemployed workers in equilibrium.] (b) Define the appropriate generalization of the steady state for this economy, and determine the number of unemployed workers in this equilibrium. (c) Show that the economy experiences bursts of unemployment followed by periods of full employment. (d) Show that a decline in ρ increases the average growth rate and the average unemployment rate in the economy.
a) What are some of the main assumptions behind the H-O (Heckscher-Ohlin) model. b) What is/are the assumption(s) of the H-O model in regards to demand? How does (do) this (these) deviate from the Classical School assumptions? c) Examine the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem in conjunction with the H-O model and the factors of production.