A customer's "Willingness to Pay" should always be below the price that is being charged by the firm in the industry. a) True b) False c) Depends d) Doesn't matter
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1) A customer's "Willingness to Pay" should always be below the price that is being charged by the firm in the industry.
2) We find that the margins of Microsoft and Intel are higher compared to the PC manufacturers, we find that that Apple takes a very high margin on sale of mobile application by individual developers for the iOS platform. What are the underlying forces in these two scenario respectively?
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- 2. Some companies are considering using Goògle's Android operating system for their tablet PCs and netbooks. How would you expect Microsoft to react if Google succeeds in entering the market for desktop applications in this way?a)What are the main characteristics of a monopolistically competitive firm? b) Suppose a monopolistically competitive firm operates in a long run which produces 40 units of output at 120 taka per-unit cost (average total cost). Also MC of producing 40 unit output is 60 taka. By using this information, show the long run situation of a monopolistically competitive firm in an appropriate diagram. c) Calculate excess capacity if socially efficient output is 100 units. Show it in graph too. [Note: b) and c) are related questions and draw separate graphs for each question]. Show all step. Answer must be correct.1. Is a monopolistically competitive firm productively efficient? Is it allocatively efficient? Why or why not? 2. What stops oligopolists from acting together as a monopolist and earning the highest possible level of profits? Is there a way for oligopolists to attempt to maximize profits? What are the risks of such attempts (and utimately, generally cause such attempts to fail)?
- 1. Consider the (inverse) market demand function for the market in streaming services. P = 120 - 4Q Assume further that the available technology results in Marginal Cost equal to $40. a) Graphically show the market outcome for monopoly, Cournot oligopoly and perfect competition. b) For monopoly, Cournot duopoly and perfect competition determine the optimal outcome. Clearly explain how you arrive at your answer. What are the market price and quantity under each market structure? c) What are the consumer surplus, producer surplus and total surplus under each scenario? d) Show the reaction function under Bertrand competition. What are the associated price and quantity?7. Suppose you are employed at a monopolistic company as a research (pricing) economist and you are deriving the behavior of two markets based on demand curves given by: D1(P1) = 50 – P1 D2(P2) = 50 – 2p2 Assume that the marginal cost is constant at $8 a unit. (a) If it can price discriminate, what price should it charge in each market in order to maximize profits? (b) If it can't price discriminate, what price should it charge?1. The two largest cigarette producers are Phillip Morris and R. J. Reynolds. Both are considering whether to increase their price for a pack of cigarettes or keep the price unchanged. The relevant factors to consider are: 1) demand for cigarettes is inelastic, so if both firms raise prices they will increase their revenue, and 2) if one raises price and the other doesn't, they will lose market share to their rival R. J. Reynolds Increase No change Increase R: 500 million R: 400 million P: 600 million P: 300 million Phillip Morris No change R: 200 million R: 300 million P: 500 million P: 400 million Does either cigarette maker have a dominant strategy? Why or why not? Use the above matrix to answer, and assume the two companies do not cooperate For purposes of the problem, ignore the existence of other cigarette makers. 2. Does the answer to #1 change if the two firms can cooperate? 3. How would your answer to #1 change if the outcome matrix changed to the following: R. J. Reynolds…
- 2. The market for dark chocolate us characterized by Cournot duopolists - Honeydukes and Wonka industries. The market demand for dark chocolate is:P = 8 - 0.005Qdwhere P is the price per bar in dollars and Qd is dark chocolate's daily quantity demanded in bars (use qh to represent the quantity of dark chocolate sold by Honeydukes and qw to represent the quantity of dark chocolate sold by Wonka Industries). Honeydukes has a constant marginal cost of $2.50 per bar, while Wonka Industries has a constant marginal cost of $3.00 per bar. The firms move simultaneously in choosing their profit-maximizing quantity of output.a. Given the firms move simultaneously, what is the equation for Honeydukes' reaction function with qh expressed as a function of qw?b. Given the firms move simultaneously, what is the equation for Wonka's reaction function with qw expressed as a function of qh?c. What quantity of dark chocolate will each firm produce in equilibrium and what price will be established for a…A study of ethanol as a transportation fuel reveals that the competitive equilibrium is expected to be at a price of $4 per gallon and a consumption rate of 100 million gallons/day. For a production rate of 10 million gallons/day, the marginal cost is found to be $1 per gallon. Also, a a price of $10 per gallon the demand is 10 million gallons/day. Answer the following questions for this system. 1. Determine the equations for the demand and marginal cost lines. 2. Calculate the consumer and producer surplus for the market equilibrium. 3. It was discovered later that the above information ignored a government subsidy of 50 cents per gallon. How will the demand and marginal cost lines, and the competitive equilibrium, change if this subsidy is removed?7. Suppose you are employed at a monopolistic company as a research (pricing) economist and you are deriving the behavior of two markets based on demand curves given by:D1(p1) = 50 − p1D2(p2) = 50 − 2p2 Assume that the marginal cost is constant at $8 a unit.(a) If it can price discriminate, what price should it charge in each market in order to maximize profits? (b) If it can’t price discriminate, what price should it charge? 8. Pele enjoys coffee (C) and tea (T) according to the function Replace 'Pele' with Alana U(C, T) = 3C + 4T(a) What does her utility function say about her MRS of coffee and tea?(b) Suppose the price of coffee (PC) and the price of tea (PT) are both $3. If Alana has $12 to spend on these products,i. How much coffee and tea should she buy to maximize her utility? ii. Draw a carefully labeled graph of her indifference curve map and her budget constraint. Put the quantities of coffee on the horizontal axis. Be sure to identify the utility maximizing point.(c)…
- 1. It is 1908 and you are the CEO of Ford Motor Company. General Motors startedproducing cars this year and has quickly become your chief rival. Their recent entrance, as wellas your assembly line methods, allows you the advantage of producing cars faster and choosingyour output levels first. Assume the 1908 inverse demand function for cars is P = 3900 - Q(customers view cars as identical products at this point in time) and production costs are C(qi) =100qi. a. What is Ford’s profit-maximizing output level? GM's?b. What is the market equilibrium price?c. How much profit does each firm earn?d. As the assembly line is used by other firms, the first-mover advantage disappears (fast forward100 years to present day), and more firms have entered the market (e.g. FCA, Tesla, Hyundai,Toyota, Honda, etc.), what do you expect to happen to Ford’s profit (assume demand andcosts are the same)? Explain.e. From 1908 into the 1920s, Ford offered customers one car: the Model T. Further, Henry isfamous…Please Read and repond to the following questions: https://hbr.org/2019/02/netflix-and-the-economics-of-bundling A. Explain why Netflix is able to profitably release movies for free at home instead of releasing in theaters first for higher a price before releasing at home. Why doesn't this model work for all movie production companies? B. Recently more firms have adopted the Netflix model. For example, Warner Brothers announced they would release all movies on HBO Max at home at the same time they are released in theaters in 2021. Who benefits from this change? Who is made worse off from this change? Do you think society is better or worse off from this change?Consider the model with monopolistic competition and full symmetry between the firms (internal returns to scale) in a single integrated market. Now assume that a new technology becomes available that reduces a firm's marginal cost of production by a given amount but requires a larger fixed-cost investment to implement. Suppose that all fırms adopt the new technology. How does this impact the equilibrium number of varieties and the equilibrium price? Show your work. Edit View Insert Format Tools Table