3. Choose and identify ONLY FOUR of the following reproductive isolating mechanism for the examples below. Mechanisms can be used more than once. Type of Reproductive Isolating Mechanism Example Hybrid embryos between sheep and goats die in early development. Some fish that live in shallow water compared to fish that live in deep water. Cotton plants produce fertile hybrids, but their offspring do not survive. Flowers that bloom at different times in a season. Mules are the product of horses and donkeys but are sterile. Genital anatomy may vary enough that the species' parts do not fit together. Differences in the mating calls of frogs. Pollen grains from one plant may not survive the conditions found on the stigma of another plant.

3. Choose and identify ONLY FOUR of the following reproductive isolating mechanism for the examples below. Mechanisms can be used more than once. Type of Reproductive Isolating Mechanism Example Hybrid embryos between sheep and goats die in early development. Some fish that live in shallow water compared to fish that live in deep water. Cotton plants produce fertile hybrids, but their offspring do not survive. Flowers that bloom at different times in a season. Mules are the product of horses and donkeys but are sterile. Genital anatomy may vary enough that the species' parts do not fit together. Differences in the mating calls of frogs. Pollen grains from one plant may not survive the conditions found on the stigma of another plant.

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter22: Speciation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TYK: Prezygotic is isolating mechanisms: a. reduce the fitness of hybrid offspring. b. generally prevent...

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1. A male of one species is bred multiple times to a female of a different species. No offspring are produced. This is most likely because: the genes of the parents are not similar enough to each other to support life the genes of the parents are similar but do not have the same distribution amongst the chromosomes the offspring have uneven numbers of chromosomes the germ cells of the zygote that is produced cannot undergo mitosis
Prezygotic is isolating mechanisms: a. reduce the fitness of hybrid offspring. b. generally prevent individuals of different species from producing zygotes. c. are found only in animals. d. are found only in plants. e. are observed only in organisms that reproduce aseually.
1. The following table gives data for the frequency of genotypes in a population of sunflower plants from a coastal sage scrub community over the course of 50 generations. Gene products of the A allele produce stems without hairs, while gene products of the a allele produce stems with short hairs but flowers with many infertile stamens, and the a' allele produces stems with dense hairs and flowers with all fertile stamens. Note that it may cost the plants greatly in extra carbon to produce these hairs. At the onset of this survey, an invasive insect species that feeds upon the buds of sunflowers had been accidentally introduced into the habitat of this plant population. This insect makes its living by ascending the stems of herbaceous plants rather than landing upon the flower stalks or stems. Thus, dense hairs would impede the ability of this insect to reach the buds. Interpret the results of the data and explain how natural selection might be driving the genotype frequencies in this…
Pa × PP Dd 6/6 - Long beak Short beak 7. What percentage of the offspring will have a homozygous dominant genotype? 8. What will be the ratio of long beaks to short beaks in the offspring? LI x 11 9. What percentage of the offspring will White flowers Purple flowers have purple flowers as their phenotype? 10. What percentage of the offspring will have a heterozygous genotype? pp х x PP 11. What percentage of the offspring will Dark eyes Dark eyes have a heterozygous genotype?
Why are hybrids not very common in nature? In most cases, there are barriers in place that prevent two different species from mating None of the above The majority of hybrids are sterile All of the above Zygotes resulting from gametes from two different species tend to not grow
A prezygotic barrier prevents (a) the union of egg and sperm (b) reproductive success by an interspecific hybrid (c) the development of the zygote into an embryo (d) allopolyploidy from occurring (e) changes in allometric growth
3. Cross a homozygous Blue Parakeet with a homozygous Yellow Parakeet. What is the genotype and phenotype of the offspring? Phenotypes: Genotypes:
6. In certain plant species such as tomatoes and petunias, a highly polymorphic incompatibility gene Swith more than 100 known alleles prevents self-fertilization and promotes outbreeding. In this form ofincompatibility, a plant cannot accept sperm carrying an allele identical to either of its own incompatibility alleles. If, for example, pollen carryingsperm with allele S1of the incompatibility genelands onto the stigma (a female organ) of a plantthat also carries the S1allele, the sperm cannot fertilize any eggs in that plant. (This phenomenonoccurs because the pollen grain on the stigma cannotgrow a pollen tube to allow the sperm to unite withthe egg.)For the following crosses, indicate whether anyprogeny would be produced, and if so, list all possiblegenotypes of these progeny. a. ♂ S1S2× ♀ S1S2b. ♂ S1S2× ♀ S2S3c. ♂ S1S2× ♀ S3S4d. Explain how this mechanism of incompatibilitywould prevent plant self-fertilization.
Part 2: Data Tables Table 1: Parent Genotypes: Monohybrid Crosses Generation Genotype of Individual #1 Genotype of Individual #2 P Yy Ss P1 Yy Ss P2 Yy ss P3 Yy SS P4 YY SS Table 2: Generation Data Produced by Monohybrid Crosses Generation Possible Offspring Genotypes Possible Offspring Phenotypes Genotype Ratio Phenotype Ratio P yySs P1 yySs P2 Yyss P3 YySS P4 YYSS Part 2: Post-Lab Questions How much genotypic variation do you find in the randomly picked parents of your crosses? How much in the offspring? Pool all of the offspring from your five replicates. How much phenotypic variation do you find? Is the ratio of observed phenotypes the same as the ratio of predicted phenotypes? Why or why not? What is the difference between genes and alleles? How might protein synthesis execute differently if a mutation occurs?…
4. White fruit color in summer squash is dependent on a dominant gene (W) and colored fruit to the recessive gene (w). In the presence of ww, a dominant gene D produces yellow color, but when D is not present, the color is green. Give the F2 phenotypes and proportions expected from crossing a white-fruited (WWDD) with a green-fruited (wwdd) plant.
nce of one trait affect theother trait. Activity 2 Study the figure below, which represents the second generation of the results of self-pollination of a pea plant, the symbol for the yellow trait of seeds is (Y) and green seeds (y), and for smooth seeds (R) and wrinkled seeds (r). Answer the questions that followthe diagram: F, cross RrYy x RrYy RY Ry RRYY ry RrYy RRYY RIYY round yellow RY round green wrinkled yellow RRYY RRyy RrYy Rryy wrinkled green Ry RrYY RrYy rrYy rrYY rY RrYy Rryy rrYY rryy ry 1. Write the genotype and phenotype of the parents in the first generation. 2. Write the genotypes of gametes in the first generation. 3. Write the genotypes and phenotype of first generation individuals. 4. How many types of gametes can second-generation parents produce? 5. Write the phenotypes for members of the second generation. 6. How many phenotypes appeared among the members of the second generation? 7. What is the ratio of individuals green seed to yellow seed in the second 6. What…
Name 10 The diagram below shows the results of crossing a pea plant with smooth seeds and a pea plant with wrinkled seeds. Parent 1 Parent 2 Offspring 1 Offspring 2 Offspring 3 Offspring 4 What can be determined from the results of the experiment? F Smooth shape and wrinkled shape are both recessive traits. G Smooth shape and wrinkled shape are both dominant traits. H Smooth shape is a dominant trait, and wrinkled shape is a recessive trait. I Smooth shape is a recessive trait, and wrinkled shape is a dominant trait.