The purpose of this proposal is to promote the restructuring and upgrade of the existing Springbank Dam that sits on the Thames River to the City of London as well as the Department of Environment and Climate Change Canada.
The following issues in London will be addressed:
• Water Pollution in the Thames River
• Controversy of the malfunctioning Springbank Dam The Thames River is located in southwestern Ontario that flows west through the City of London. (Figure 1) The river is mainly used for recreational purposes such as boating, canoeing and fishing by the people of London. However, the river is currently heavily polluted, posing public health risks as well as damaging the fragile ecosystems that exist within and around the Thames
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(London 4) Too much phosphorous promotes excessive algae and plant growth, leading to harming the water quality, as well as decreasing the amount of oxygen in the water that many aquatic lifeforms need to survive. Algal blooms, excessive algae growth, will cause deaths to large amounts of fish and also harm humans if they come into contact with the polluted water or consume the affected organisms living in the algae-infested water. (United States Environmental Protection Agency) An example of widespread algal blooms is shown in Figure 2 where much of the visible water is covered in algae, slowly suffocating the life that lives within the water.
Bacteriological quality standards are used to prevent diseases and sicknesses that can be contracted through the uses of the river’s water, such as swimming. Escherichia Coli (E. coli), a harmful group of bacteria commonly found in the intestine of animals and humans, is used as an indicator of pathogens. (Figure 3) Another indicator is the Total Coliform quality which is the total number of Coliform bacteria, such as E. coli, which exist in the river. Coliform bacteria is used as an indicator because they usually exist where other pathogens of fecal origins exists. Although disinfection periods try to clean the water, the
a warning due to high levels of enterococci bacteria being found in the water. As a
Today in medicine doctors are rapidly isolating and distinguishing the many pathogenic microbes encountered daily within the environment. Public health has been affected from the faster identification of microorganisms by delivering an accurate analysis to patients in order to receive treatment of the disease in a timely manner. Due to the growing understanding of these organisms more have been easier to indicate to improve water quality. Also more methods have been developed for better treatment options from fecal bacteria in public water systems. Scientist has developed such specific methods of identifying the unknown organism to tell if the contamination has come from either a human, bird, or mammal. (Achtman et al., 2008)
The Peace River currently has two other Site dams, and the Site C will work in correlation to them. The Site C will filter the already parsley clean water, creating clean water for more than 100 years. The dam generates 1,100 megawatts of capacity, producing 5,100 hours per year. This is enough to power 450,000 homes a year in British Columbia. This has been the most cost efficient recourse BC Hydro has ever proposed. Not only will this Dam create energy and save money, but it will also provide thousands of
The rise in phosphorus causes algae to bloom, and the toxins from the algae bloom result in unsafe water conditions for humans and animals. Phosphorus pollution appears everywhere in the state from individual wastewater facilities in urban areas to farmland water runoffs in Lower and Central Minnesota. It is a danger because it causes algae to thrive and algae bloom can be toxic to humans and animals. Phosphorus pollution affects people and pets such as fishermen, swimmers, and boaters. It also affects urban and suburban communities such as Mounds View that are built around lakes and freshwater bodies. Therefore phosphorus pollution is a danger to the population of Mounds View Minnesota, but can be reduced by use of alternative fertilizers and use of phosphorus free
Descriptive: How has the agricultural industry in America’s Heartland shifted over time? What kind of legislation exists surrounding nonpoint source nutrient loading to the Mississippi, as compared to legislation in other countries such as China and Egypt? How does water quality in the Mississippi River compare with that of similar sized rivers, and how do these different levels of water degradation impact societies?
Sewage treatment plants, air pollution, animal feed lots, and polluted runoff from cropland are four major sources to this issue. All of these forms of pollution create an overabundance of nitrogen and phosphorous in the water. According to The Chesapeake Bay Foundation,“The largest source of pollution to the Bay comes from agricultural runoff, which contributes roughly 40 percent of the nitrogen and 50 percent of the phosphorus entering the Chesapeake Bay.” Although nitrogen and phosphorous are beneficial in moderation for the organisms living in the Chesapeake Bay, they cause a notable amount of damage in excess. Excessive amounts of nitrogen and phosphorous cause algal blooms. There are many different types of algae, some are good for the ecosystem, and some are dangerous and can cause “dead zones” where aquatic life no longer flourishes. Too much or too little of both good and bad algae can be extremely harmful to the marine
The St. Johns River is suffering from a significant environmental disaster because of toxic substances from municipal and industrial wastewater, fertilizer runoff, failing septic tanks, and stormwater. Consequently, over 55% of the river miles, 80.4% of acres of large water bodies, 59.4 % of estuaries, and 31.4% of coastline miles do not meet water quality standards in Florida (Florida Department of Environmental Protection 119). For that matter, studying those pollution problems that the river faces is vital since one can use this information to salvage the natural resource which is at the brink of destruction.
The limiting nutrient in a water source is what controls algal growth, no mater how much other nutrients is present, without that nutrient there will be no growth. In this regard it is imperative to know what the limiting resource is in a drinking water system in order to maintain the health of the system. Since phosphorous is naturally found in small quantities in water, if too much phosphorous is present then algal growth will increase. Having such high levels of algal growth can dramatically affect the lake’s health, and can effect how a municipal government must treat its water. The
RESULTS: Our main goal was to identify which lakes and ponds tested positive for Coliform or Escherichia coli and to come up with some reasoning as to why this could have happened. Water sampled from 6 different locations: Sebago Lake, Hinckley Reserve, Clarks Pond, a small pond near the turf field at the University of Southern Maine, in Gorham, Maine, and two runoff snowbanks both located on the USM campus in Gotham were all surveyed. These samples were taken into the lab, mixed with a COLISURE packet and pipetted into a well plate. They were then incubated for at least 24 hours at 37˚C to see if they would yield positive or negative results. The COLISURE kit perviously mentioned tests for two things: first for Coliform in the sample
In comparison to the States Standards in table 10, Fecal Coliform for sites 7, 8, 9, 12, 17, and 18, all in the urbanize Buffalo Creek watershed have mean values of 1613.95, 1189.52, 2447.38, 3167.71, 1410.86, 1178.30 CFU/100ml respectively which are within the states watch zone for the 1999 to 2002 parameters. Subsequently, above normal levels were recorded for Buffalo Creek Watershed sites 9, 12, 15, 18 for 2003 to 2008, sites 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 for 2009 to 2010, and sites 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 for 2011 to 2013with fecal coliform concentrations of 1459.56, 1078.11,1340.28,1113.34; 1890.46, 1517.04, 4115.75, 1863.17, 1475.29, 2078.82, 2165.17, 1314.42, 1389.96, 4427.21, 4684.38, 2026.25; and 1172.76, 1928.00, 2507.14,
Sometimes there is so much pollution you can’t go in the water. Algae blooms are toxic and you have to keep pets and animals away from the water if it is the color of split pea soup. Toxic algae blooms can also have severe effects on human health. When the water is that dangerous, people can’t even make contact with the water.
George’s University Bay, and to quantify the bacterial colonies using various experimental methods. Drinking or eating seafood from bacterially contaminated water sources has lead to pathogenic infection due to Escherichia coli (Das et al., 2013). Escherichia coli has been used in multiple studies to research aspects of water quality and bacterial affects on specific target hosts. Escherichia coli is mostly known for causing diarrhea symptoms and gastrointestinal difficulties (Kenny et al., 1997). Enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli are known to cause serious cases of diarrhea, such as, cholera and shigella (Kenny et al., 1997). Many sea organisms can become in contact with pathogenic microbes due to the amount of contaminated matter present in the water (Potasman et al., 2002). This can lead to the ingestion of E.coli bacteria and the hospitalization of victims who consumed the seafood (Potasman et al.,
After receiving the test results, the samples confirmed to bacteria that was in the water. The two bacteria’s where Coliform Bacteria and E.Coli. Coliform bacteria is present in the feces of all warm-blooded animals and humans. The three water samples for total coliform bacteria were 57,000 CFUs, 43,000 CFUs and 45,000 CFUs. The team of scientist was in surprise due to the high contamination level of the Coliform
Another form of industrial waste that contributes to water pollution is acid rain. Acid rain is a product of industries burning coal. The burning of coal produces sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide, and when these chemicals combine with the earth’s atmosphere it forms acid rain The Northeastern part of the United States has the worst acid rain levels in the world. More specific, the states with the highest concentration are Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and some boarding parts of Canada and New England area. The falling acid rain can destroy plants and animals in several different ways. The acidification of a lake, river, or stream because of the high acidic levels in the water kills algae. Since algae are the main source of food, for many species of fish, they will also suffer from the high acid levels.
Freshwater sources are open to vulnerabilities, such as pollution from the environment and the presence of bacteria. Because the Koi Pond is out in an external environment, it was reasonable to assume that contaminants and bacteria could enter the water source. As mentioned in the results section, the Koi Pond was the only water sample that exhibited E. coli; the hypothesis was supported by the lab results. The Koi Pond water sample looked identically to the other types of water samples; however, it would be wrong to assume that just because the samples had similar appearance, they were also similar in quality. For instance, the Deer Park water sample was also clear, but it had no presence of E. coli. Furthermore, the aquarium water sample