112 248 Food and Agribusiness Value Chains Assignment 1
Due Date: April 14, 2016
Instructions: Please answer all questions
Question 1
Define the following terms used in food and agribusiness value chains. Give specific examples in your answers
a. Agrifood value chains
A value chain is the range of activities required to bring a raw product to market. It is in a vertical sequence and is often described as pond to plate, plough to plate, or farm to fork in an agri-business value chain. (Sturgeon, 2001)
b. Value creation
Value is created as goods move along the chain; at each stop value must be added for the consumer to be willing to pay the price. Value can include packaging, cleaning labeling but also through auctioneers and wholesalers. (Sturgeon, 2001)
c. Value chain market orientation
Market orientation refers to how the end market receives the value added product. To be successful a value chain must be receptive to the demands of the market orientation. This can be monitored through customer feedback processes. (Sturgeon, 2001)
Question 2
Distinguish clearly following key concepts applied in food and agribusiness value chains?
a. Form utility, Time utility and Place utility
*Form utility refers to the processing of a good; this can include actions such as transforming milk into ice cream.
*Place utility is the transportation of a good, for example milk is produced on farms through out New Zealand but is daily transported from farm to factory.
*Time utility means the
Market orientation is a methodology of business which emphasize on recognizing as well as fulfilling the wants and demands of its consumers. It is company reaction towards the customers. It is an approach that emphasis on delivering the products designed appropriately to meet the needs or requirements of customers.
1. A value chain is the sequence of activities that begins with raw materials. What result does a value chain end with? Delivery of products or services
In order for a firm to create competitive advantage, it needs to create a set of activites that can deliver value to the specific product and services it offers to its customers. To start talking about my life as a “value chain”, I may need to compare it to a specific product”. This is going to take precedence both in my personal life and professional life.
Value chain is a set of activities a company performs in order to provide a valuable solution to their customer problem in their market space or industry. The value chain is made up of primary and support activities. Primary activities being research and development, production, marketing and sales and customer service. These are the primary steps that are required to get a product or service to market to solve the customer problems. Some of the secondary steps include company
Discuss what is meant by the term “customer orientation”. Illustrate with examples how companies demonstrate their customer orientation by reference to at least two elements of the marketing mix.
Costco is among the leading global retailers which provide customers a wide range of merchandise, ranging from small to well-known brands. The company began operations in 1983. Over the years, Costco has been a retailer in low cost membership-only leader, in warehouse club of merchandise. Moreover, Costco does not offer frills warehouse business models as its competitors do. Costco’s major competitors are BJ’s Wholesale Club and Sam Club (Costco, 2010).
Useful means being of service, or serving some purpose. Without nothingness, the empty spaces, an item such as a wheel on a cart would not work properly. The purpose of a cart is to transport items or people from Place A to Place B. It does so by being propelled on four evenly proportioned wheels. These
The basic principle in defining the value chain, according to Michael Porter (Porter, 1985), is that the activities include a variety of disaggregations from the below three perspectives. First, they have different economics, implying that these activities are functioning in different segments of the market. Second, even though the economics differentiation is not that evident, isolated activities should have a potential impact for it. Third, value-adding activities have significant input scale.
Value chain analysis looks at every step a business goes through, from raw materials to the eventual end-user. The goal is to deliver maximum value for the least possible total cost. It is a systematic approach to examining the development of competitive advantage. The most basic breakdown of primary functions includes inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing and service. People should use the other models and frameworks within this software to further differentiate between, and add to, these domains. Product Innovation is one area that is not normally included in the de jure model but is often included in the de facto model. Value Chain Analysis describes the activities that take place in
The industry value chain is the process from the suppliers of the raw material to the end customers who demand the service of transportation.
A value chain is a chain of activities that a firm operating in a specific industry performs in order to deliver a valuable product or service for the market. The concept comes from business management and was first described and popularized by Michael Porter (Porter, 2013)
Value chain is an approach to know how an item or activities create value for consumers. The most of value provides to consumers, the most of competitive advantage an organization build. In this analysis, value chain model has separated into primary and support activities. Primary activities are included in the physical creation of the item and service. On the other hand, support activities give the inputs and infrastructure that enable the primary activities to happen. This value chain model can be refer to below figure 5.
Businesses can develop new products based on either a marketing orientated approach or a product orientated approach. According to Jaworski and Kohli (1993), marketing orientation is ‘the organization-wide generation of market intelligence pertaining to current and
Within technology and the value system, this called for an emphasis on media relations to disseminate information to the local community and its leaders. Solid communication practices, i.e. strategic communications, was of the utmost importance to gain the respect and acceptance of the population.
It is important to start with de definition of food chain, FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) defines the food chain as responsible for the supply of food that is safe, healthy and nutritious, which is completely traceable from farm to fork (Fao.org, 2014). The food chain is reported as both a supply chain and a value chain (Havas and watts 2014). Therefore, supply chain consists of all parts, from primary producers, food processing, food distribution, food retail, food catering /hospitality to final consumers (see figure 1).