Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 55.3, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The change in the niche of the red squirrel when it interacts with the gray squirrel.
Introduction:
Species interaction among the different species can be positive negative or neutral. The interaction between the two squirrel species, one of which is the native one and the other introduced into its niche, has changed the
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Competition between species on the same trophic tier leads to four potential outcomes, 3 are deterministic (zero sum games where one species goes extinct and the other maximizes their growth to balance at the carrying capacity) and one where both competitors survive, but neither does well.
A) This dynamic suggests that extirpation (local extinction) of populations is a far more likely outcome than co-existence. How does this affect management policies aimed at increasing biodiversity and proliferation of inter and intra population and interspecies variation.
B) Endangered species are defined by low growth rates (r) and low K (reflecting high demand for resources). What are the implications of both these factors on the outcome of competition scenarios, especially the most common scenario of alternate stable states?
BLANK between species with BLANK ecological niches means they are les likely to occur sympatrically
A) Competition; similar
B) Predation; similar
C) Competition; dissimilar
D) Predation; dissimilar
E) None of the above
The principle of competitive exclusion states that(A) two species cannot coexist in the same habitat.(B) competition between two species always causes extinctionor emigration of one species.(C) two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexistin a community.(D) two species will stop reproducing until one species leavesthe habitat
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- The Atlantic cod population is of primary economic importance to fishingcommunities throughout the maritime provinces in Canada. Unfortunately, thispopulation has underwent an extreme collapse in recent years due to overfishing.Some argue, however, that the collapse of the cod population may actually beattributed to an increase in the population of harp seals, a known predator ofcod. One suggestion to help cod stocks recover is therefore to permit the huntingof harp seals on a large scale. Suggest and explain one potentially negativeconsequence of limiting the harp seal population.arrow_forwardStudy these two figures? Which graph represents Semibalanus? (d) When competition is asymmetric and niches do not overlap completely, weaker competitors use nonoverlapping resources. Chthamalus in Species 1 (strong competitor) (weak competitor) upper intertidal zone Species 2 fig 53.5 Fundamental Mean tide level niche Realized Semibalanus in lower intertidal zone niche O Pon Beran Cuminga Ar erve Niche (range of resources used) Copyright e 2008 Pearson Benjamin Cumnings. Alrights reserved. A. purple graph (left) B. green graph (right) A. purple graph (left) B. green graph (right) Number of individuals using resourcearrow_forwardMilkfish (Chanos chanos) is the only fish species that belongs to Family Chanidae which is nearly related to tuna and salmon due to its fusiform shape and migratory nature (FAO 2009; BFAR 2020). It is widely distributed in the Indo-pacific region and abundantly collected in the South and Southeast Asian, and West Pacific Regions (BFAR 2010). Milkfish is one of the most commercially important fish species in the Philippines (Samson 1984). Milkfish reach sexual maturity (approximately 1.5m length and 20 kg weight) in five years in large floating cages, but may take 8-10 years in ponds and concrete tanks (FAO 2009). In the natural environment, milkfish populations near the coral reefs spawn during warm months of the year while populations near the equator spawn year-round. First-time spawners produce fewer eggs but larger and older broodstocks produce as many eggs as wild adults of similar size. Broodstocks of about 8 years old and about 6 kg produce 3-4 million eggs. Juvenile and adults…arrow_forward
- Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is the only fish species that belongs to Family Chanidae which is nearly related to tuna and salmon due to its fusiform shape and migratory nature (FAO 2009; BFAR 2020). It is widely distributed in the Indo-pacific region and abundantly collected in the South and Southeast Asian, and West Pacific Regions (BFAR 2010). Milkfish is one of the most commercially important fish species in the Philippines (Samson 1984). Milkfish reach sexual maturity (approximately 1.5m length and 20 kg weight) in five years in large floating cages, but may take 8-10 years in ponds and concrete tanks (FAO 2009). In the natural environment, milkfish populations near the coral reefs spawn during warm months of the year while populations near the equator spawn year-round. First-time spawners produce fewer eggs but larger and older broodstocks produce as many eggs as wild adults of similar size. Broodstocks of about 8 years old and about 6 kg produce 3-4 million eggs. Juvenile and adults…arrow_forwardMilkfish (Chanos chanos) is the only fish species that belongs to Family Chanidae which is nearly related to tuna and salmon due to its fusiform shape and migratory nature (FAO 2009; BFAR 2020). It is widely distributed in the Indo-pacific region and abundantly collected in the South and Southeast Asian, and West Pacific Regions (BFAR 2010). Milkfish is one of the most commercially important fish species in the Philippines (Samson 1984). Milkfish reach sexual maturity (approximately 1.5m length and 20 kg weight) in five years in large floating cages, but may take 8-10 years in ponds and concrete tanks (FAO 2009). In the natural environment, milkfish populations near the coral reefs spawn during warm months of the year while populations near the equator spawn year-round. First-time spawners produce fewer eggs but larger and older broodstocks produce as many eggs as wild adults of similar size. Broodstocks of about 8 years old and about 6 kg produce 3-4 million eggs. Juvenile and adults…arrow_forwardMilkfish (Chanos chanos) is the only fish species that belongs to Family Chanidae which is nearly related to tuna and salmon due to its fusiform shape and migratory nature (FAO 2009; BFAR 2020). It is widely distributed in the Indo-pacific region and abundantly collected in the South and Southeast Asian, and West Pacific Regions (BFAR 2010). Milkfish is one of the most commercially important fish species in the Philippines (Samson 1984). Milkfish reach sexual maturity (approximately 1.5m length and 20 kg weight) in five years in large floating cages, but may take 8-10 years in ponds and concrete tanks (FAO 2009). In the natural environment, milkfish populations near the coral reefs spawn during warm months of the year while populations near the equator spawn year-round. First-time spawners produce fewer eggs but larger and older broodstocks produce as many eggs as wild adults of similar size. Broodstocks of about 8 years old and about 6 kg produce 3-4 million eggs. Juvenile and adults…arrow_forward
- Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is the only fish species that belongs to Family Chanidae which is nearly related to tuna and salmon due to its fusiform shape and migratory nature (FAO 2009; BFAR 2020). It is widely distributed in the Indo-pacific region and abundantly collected in the South and Southeast Asian, and West Pacific Regions (BFAR 2010). Milkfish is one of the most commercially important fish species in the Philippines (Samson 1984). Milkfish reach sexual maturity (approximately 1.5m length and 20 kg weight) in five years in large floating cages, but may take 8-10 years in ponds and concrete tanks (FAO 2009). In the natural environment, milkfish populations near the coral reefs spawn during warm months of the year while populations near the equator spawn year-round. First-time spawners produce fewer eggs but larger and older broodstocks produce as many eggs as wild adults of similar size. Broodstocks of about 8 years old and about 6 kg produce 3-4 million eggs. Juvenile and adults…arrow_forwardMilkfish (Chanos chanos) is the only fish species that belongs to Family Chanidae which is nearly related to tuna and salmon due to its fusiform shape and migratory nature (FAO 2009; BFAR 2020). It is widely distributed in the Indo-pacific region and abundantly collected in the South and Southeast Asian, and West Pacific Regions (BFAR 2010). Milkfish is one of the most commercially important fish species in the Philippines (Samson 1984). Milkfish reach sexual maturity (approximately 1.5m length and 20 kg weight) in five years in large floating cages, but may take 8-10 years in ponds and concrete tanks (FAO 2009). In the natural environment, milkfish populations near the coral reefs spawn during warm months of the year while populations near the equator spawn year-round. First-time spawners produce fewer eggs but larger and older broodstocks produce as many eggs as wild adults of similar size. Broodstocks of about 8 years old and about 6 kg produce 3-4 million eggs. Juvenile and adults…arrow_forwardCreate a two-part figure showing the effects of forest fragmentation on the community of small mammals relevant to Lyme disease in eastern forests. Figure A should depict the interaction network of a large forestpatch with higher species diversity. Figure B should illustrate how the interaction network and transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi are different in a small forest fragment with low species diversity than they are in largeforest patches with greater diverisity. Eastern forests are diverse communities in which many species interact with one another. Your figure will be asimplified interaction network showing some of the most important species related to the ecology of Lyme disease. Remember that your goal is to illustrate how increasing fragmentation affects forest mammal communities in a way that increases Lyme disease risk.• Choose from the following species for your figure: black-legged tick, white-footed mouse, raccoon, eastern chipmunk, gray squirrel, white-tailed deer,…arrow_forward
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