Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 50.3, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
Food travels from the mouth to the stomach, even in the weightlessness of the space.
Introduction:
Digestion is the breakdown of large food particles into smaller water-soluble particles, which can be absorbed into the blood plasma. The process of digestion begins in the mouth after the consumption of the food and ends in the intestine.
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Propulsion moves foods from one region of the digestive system to another and use the:
Segmentation – alternating waves of contraction
Peristalsis – moving materials back and forth to aid in mixing
True or False?
Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in
Select one:
a. mastication of food.
b. propulsion of food through the digestive tract.
c. elimination of undigested food.
d. mixing of food.
e. absorption of food.
Which of the following statements about movement of food through the gut is FALSE?
Chapter 50 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Consider the following nutrients: (water, simple sugar (glucose), amino acid, and fatty acid). Describe where each one is absorbed in the small intestine and which mechanism (active transport, facilitated diffusion, or simple diffusion) drives their movement into the bloodstream. Please be detailed with your explanationarrow_forwardYou will only describe how proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids are digested in the body. The goal is to get to a point where there are only amino acids(from proteins), fatty acids (from lipids), and glucose (from starch). Enzymes are only part of chemical digestion. Provide a simple description of Ingestion, Movement, Mechanical digestions, absorption, and elimination related to your food. Lastly describe what glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids will be used once they are absorbed into the bloodstream.arrow_forwardWhy is breathing through the mouth impossible while swallowing a food?arrow_forward
- Explain why protein consumption is important for our muscles?arrow_forwardRegarding energy flow: Glucose is _________________ to carbon dioxide, whereas carbon dioxide is ______________ to glucose.arrow_forwardPut the following events in the corrects order of their occurrence; respiratory chain, digestion, oxidative phosphorylation, TCAarrow_forward
- A deer eats 25kg of herbaceous material per day. The herbaceous material is approximately 20% dry matter(DM) and has an energy content of 10MJ. (kg DM^-1). Of the total energy ingested per day, 25% is excreted as undigested material. Of the 75% that is digested, 80% is lost to metabolic waste products and heat. The remaining 20% is converted to body tissue. How many MJ are converted to tissue on daily basis? Calculate the percentage of energy consumed that is converted to body tissue. Draw a schematic of energy balance.arrow_forwardIn our bodies, how do oxygen and nutrients flow? Describe the functions of each organ system and how they are interconnected. What is the process through which animals and plants transform food into energy?arrow_forwardDigestion of proteins in the acidic environment of the stomach is carried out by the enzyme pepsin. A different enzyme, called trypsin, digests proteins in the neutral environment of our small intestine. The amount of each enzyme are the same and the amount of substrate is the same between the stomach and small intestine. Explain why our bodies use two different enzymes to digest proteins in the stomach and the small intestine.arrow_forward
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