Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Appropriate solvent for the separation of
Concept introduction:
Thin layer chromatography or TLC is an analytical technique in which one can separate non-volatile components in a mixture based on polarity of chemical species. There, a sheet of glass, paper, etc. coated with the stationary phase is used which acts as the surface of adsorbent. The components in the sample (dissolved in a mobile phase) move through the stationary phase. Depending on the polarity of stationary phase, some components move faster than other.
Answer to Problem 1Q
Methylene chloride.
Explanation of Solution
(b)
Interpretation:
Appropriate solvent for the separation of bromobenzene and
Concept introduction:
Thin layer chromatography or TLC is an analytical technique in which one can separate non-volatile components in a mixture based on polarity of chemical species. There, a sheet of glass, paper, etc. coated with the stationary phase is used which acts as the surface of adsorbent. The components in the sample (dissolved in a mobile phase) move through the stationary phase. Depending on the polarity of stationary phase, some components move faster than other.
Answer to Problem 1Q
Hexane.
Explanation of Solution
Both compounds bromobenzene and
(c)
Interpretation:
Appropriate solvent for the separation of benzoic acid,
Concept introduction:
Thin layer chromatography or TLC is an analytical technique in which one can separate non-volatile components in a mixture based on polarity of chemical species. There, a sheet of glass, paper, etc. coated with the stationary phase is used which acts as the surface of adsorbent. The components in the sample (dissolved in a mobile phase) move through the stationary phase. Depending on the polarity of stationary phase, some components move faster than other.
Answer to Problem 1Q
Acetone.
Explanation of Solution
All three given compounds benzoic acid,
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC L
- Identities of the components in a mixture may be determined by a technique called spiking. Suppose you had run a gas chromatogram on your product and had then deliberately added a drop of a known sample of 3-methylcyclohexene to a drop of your product. What would you expect the new chromatogram to show you?arrow_forward3. Carboxylic acids, including fatty acids and benzoic acids, are often present in both municipal and industrial effluents. Describe a sample preparation combined with GC method for identification and determination of carboxylic acids in raw wastewater at ppb (Hg L-1) level. Point out a suitable sample preparation technique and GC conditions in details and give justifications for your choice. `OH Heptanoic acid LOH Benzoic acid ÇH3 он H3C ČH3 4-Methylbenzoic acid 2,4-Dimethylbenzoic acidarrow_forwardUse a suitable model to explain how separation and identification of a mixture of organic compounds can be achieved with a thin layer chromatographic (TLC) technique.arrow_forward
- For question below the separation scheme, please indicate the compound that best fits in the blank of the separation scheme . Hint: s = solid, I = liquid, g = gas and aq = aqueous. 4-methylacetophenone soluble aluminum salt (A1C13 destroyed by aqueous HC1) acetic acid (from any unreacted acetyl chloride) trace toluene hydrochloric acid water methylene chloride aq soluble aluminum salt acetic acid hydrocholic acid water multiple Extractions with water and methylene chloride organic 4-methylacetophenone methylene chloride trace toluene trace acetic acid, and H₂O trace 3) organic 4-methylacetophenone methylene chloride trace toluene trace water extract with aqueous 4). aq 5)_ sodium chloride water CO₂(g)arrow_forwardWe want to extract terpenoids from an aqueous sample by continuous liquid-liquid extraction. Which of the following solvents is not suitable for this purpose? Why? Propanone (acetone), dichloromethane, heptane.arrow_forwardFor question below the separation scheme, please indicate the compound that best fits in the blank of the separation scheme . Hint: s = solid, 1 = liquid, g = gas and aq = aqueous. 4-methylacetophenone soluble aluminum salt (A1C13 destroyed by aqueous HC1) acetic acid (from any unreacted acetyl chloride) trace toluene hydrochloric acid water aq soluble aluminum salt acetic acid hydrocholic acid water methylene chloride multiple Extractions with water and methylene chloride organic 4-methylacetophenone methylene chloride trace toluene trace acetic acid, and H₂O trace 3) organic 4-methylacetophenone methylene chloride trace toluene trace water extract with aqueous 4). aq 5) sodium chloride water CO₂(g)arrow_forward
- What is the function of the sulfuric acid in the dehydration of alcohols to form alkenes? Why was it important to keep the Gas chromatograph close to room temperature during the analysis of the alkene mixture?arrow_forward19. What is thin layer chromatography (TLC) LEAST useful for from the list below? A) To determine if crystallization or distillation may be more effective for a separation B) To determine the number of components in a mixture C) To determine the appropriate solvent for column- chromatographic separation D) To monitor the progress of an organic synthesis reaction 14. The solubility of salicylic acid in water is 7.8g/100ml at 100°C and 0.25g/100ml at 25°. Estimate how much water is needed to recrystallize a 19g sample of salicylic acid? A) 150ml B) 250ml C) 300ml D) 400mlarrow_forwardadditional information on strengths oj 2. At the end of the extraction lab that you will conduct in a few weeks, you will repeat this TLC experiment. Your task that day will be to use extraction to separate a mixture of benzoic acid, 2-naphthol, and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene. Explain how TLC could be used to demonstrate successful separation of a mixture into individual compounds.arrow_forward
- Look up the boiling point for each of the following compounds then determine the order that they will elute from the column. Use this elution order to identify the compound in each of the 6 standard chromatograms. Once you have identified the compound in each chromatogram, record its retention time. Compound Structure Compound Name Elution Order (1-6) Non polar → Polar Boiling Retention Time (From Chromatograms) Point Propyl acetate H H. H. Butyl acetate H. H. H H. H H. H. H. Methanol H O- Ethanol 2-butanone H H H. H. 4-methyl-2- pentanone H. H. HH H.arrow_forwardIf you obtain the following TLC results after spotting all of your fractions, how would you identify lane 3? |-+-+--+-+-+-- 1 2 3 4 5 Fluorenone Ferrocene -------- 6 7 8 9 10 Empty Fractions Mixed Fractions --+---+---+--- 11 12 13arrow_forwardA thin-layer chromatography (TLC) experiement was run using three compunds: benzophenone, benzhydrol, and biphenyl. The three solvents that were used with the three compounds were hexane, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane. Which solvent would be the best for separating these compounds and why?arrow_forward
- EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC LChemistryISBN:9781305446021Author:LampmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT