Essential Cosmic Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135795033
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 5EAP
What do we mean by the Ptolemaic model? How did this model account for the apparent retrograde motion of planets in our sky?
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Explain the geocentric view of the universe.
What do we mean by apparent retrograde motion of planets? Why was it difficult for ancient astronomers to explain? How do we explain it today?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Essential Cosmic Perspective
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - Use the information in the graphs to answer the...Ch. 3 - In what way is scientific thinking natural to all...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 3 - What is a lunar calendar? How can it be kept...
Ch. 3 - What do we mean by a model in science? Briefly...Ch. 3 - What do we mean by the Ptolemaic model? How did...Ch. 3 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 3 - What is an ellipse? Define its foci, semimajor...Ch. 3 - State and explain the meaning of each of Kepler’s...Ch. 3 - Describe the three hallmarks of science and...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between a hypothesis and a...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements makes some type...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 3 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 3 - The Importance of Ancient Astronomy. Why was...Ch. 3 - The Impact of Science. The modern world is filled...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 3 - Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 3 - Halley Orbit. Halley’s comet orbits the Sun every...
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- Kepler's 1st law says that our Solar System's planets orbit in ellipses around the Sun where the closest distance to the Sun is called perihelion. Suppose I tell you that there is a planet with a perihelion distance of 2 AU and a semi-major axis of 1.5 AU. Does this make physical sense? Explain why or why not.arrow_forwardThe table below presents the semi-major axis (a) and Actual orbital period for all of the major planets in the solar system. Cube for each planet the semi-major axis in Astronomical Units. Then take the square root of this number to get the Calculated orbital period of each planet. Fill in the final row of data for each planet. Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Table of Data for Kepler’s Third Law: Planet aau = Semi-Major Axis (AU) Actual Planet Calculated Planet Period (Yr) Period (Yr) __________ ______________________ ___________ ________________ Mercury 0.39 0.24 Venus 0.72 0.62 Earth 1.00 1.00 Mars 1.52 1.88 Jupiter…arrow_forwardWhat is an epicycle? How is it important in Ptolemy's explanation of the retrograde motions of the planets?.arrow_forward
- What is retrograde motion? How did the geocentric theory explain these motions? How did the heliocentric theory explain these motions?arrow_forwardAccording to Kepler’s second law, where in a planet’s orbit would it be moving fastest? Where would it be moving slowest?arrow_forwardDraw a picture that explains why Venus goes through phases the way the Moon does, according to the heliocentric cosmology. Does Jupiter also go through phases as seen from Earth? Why?arrow_forward
- Show your complete solution.Use 3 decimal places throughout your solution and express final answers in 3 decimalplaces. Answers with wrong units will not be considered.Box or highlight your final answers.arrow_forwardLet's use Kepler's laws for the inner planets. Use the following distances from the sun to calculate the orbital period for each of these planets. Express your answer in terms of Earth years to two significant figures. Answer for the highlighted planet in each question. Note: Use Kepler's law directly. Don't just Google the answers, as they will be a little bit different. When you have calculated them, only submit the value for Earth. Planet Distance from the sun Period of orbit around the sun Earth 150 million km ___ Earth years Mercury 58 million km ___ Earth years Venus 108 million km ___ Earth years Mars 228 million km ___ Earth yearsarrow_forwardWhat makes Ptolemaic model different from Copernican model of the universe? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Define the kepler's laws of planetary motion in short?arrow_forwardFirst we will do a simulation of Eratosthenes measurement of the size of our planet over 2000 years ago, but we will do it on a hypothetical planet. At one location on that planet at noon, the light from its star comes in directly overhead. At another town 200 miles due South, the shadows cast by the towers in that town indicate that the sunlight is coming in at an angle of approximately 10 degrees from directly overhead. Using this information (and the fact that there are 360 degrees in a circle and that the diameter of a circle is equal to the circumstances divided by pi), please show your work to explain what the circumstances and diameter of this new planet isarrow_forwardMatch each discovery, model, or Law with the person we credit with discovering them (Select T-Tycho Brahe, K-Kepler, G-Galileo, A-Aristotle, P-Ptolemy, N-Newton If the first is T and the rest K, enter TKKKKK) A) Devised the earliest geocentric solar system models B) The orbits of planets are C) Made careful measurements of the location of the planets good to 1 arcmin. D) Described the meaning of force by three laws. E) Devised the best Earth-centered (geocentric) model of the solar system using epicycles F) Found the Sun had flaws (sun spots) and that the Sun rotates. elipsesarrow_forward
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