Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
For a given uncharged molecule, the Lewis structure is to be completed by adding multiple bonds and/or lone pairs.
Concept introduction:
For an uncharged atom, carbon atoms will have a maximum of four covalent bonds. Nitrogen will have three bonds and one lone pair, while oxygen will have two bonds and two lone pairs. Hydrogen always contributes to one bond. The number of bond in case of halogen is one, while there will be three lone pair of electrons on halide atoms.
(b)
Interpretation:
For a given uncharged molecule, the Lewis structure is to be completed by adding multiple bonds and/or lone pairs.
Concept introduction:
For an uncharged atom, carbon atoms will have a maximum of four covalent bonds. Nitrogen will have three bonds and one lone pair, while oxygen will have two bonds and two lone pairs. Hydrogen always contributes to one bond. The number of bond in case of halogen is one, while there will be three lone pair of electrons on halide atoms.
(c)
Interpretation:
For a given uncharged molecule, the Lewis structure is to be completed by adding multiple bonds and/or lone pairs.
Concept introduction:
For an uncharged atom, carbon atoms will have maximum of four covalent bonds. Nitrogen will have three bonds and one lone pair, while oxygen will have two bonds and two lone pairs. Hydrogen always contributes to one bond. The number of bond in case of halogen is one, while there will be three lone pair of electrons on halide atoms.
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Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- Draw the major resonance structure for the compound shown; include lone pairs of electrons, formal charges, and condensed hydrogen atoms (located in the More menu). Then draw curved arrows to show how this can be converted to the Lewis structure givenarrow_forwardProblem Draw a Lewis structure and identify the octet-rule exception for (a) H3PO4 (draw two resonance forms and select the more important); (b) BFCl2.Plan We draw each Lewis structure and examine it for exceptions to the octet rule.(a) The central atom is in Period 3, so it can have more than an octet.(b) The central atom is B, which can have fewer than an octet of electrons.arrow_forwardHello, can you draw and name two different molecules (with the explicit formula) with a total of 12 carbons, together with the side groups, according to the options given? a)Write and name two cyclic amide molecule. b)Write and name two aromatic amine molecule.arrow_forward
- Below are two sets of resonance structures. Where applicable provide the missing curved arrow notation, lone pair electrons, and nonzero formal charge. Do not delete or add any bonds or atoms.arrow_forwardPlease draw a more stable resonance structure for the following molecule. Use a curved arrow to show how to transform the original structure to the new one and please specify charges.arrow_forwardProblem (#2.) For each ion below, draw all reasonable resonance structures (linked by resonance arrows “↔”). Include curved arrows that indicate the movement of electrons between each resonance structure. Assign non-zero formal charges to each atom for each resonance structure. (a.) NO3– (nitrate) (b.) CH3COO– (acetate) (c.) N3– (azide) (d.) NCO– (isocyanate) Problem (#3.) For each ion in question 2, draw a resonance hybrid, assigning non-zero formal and/or partial charges (δ+, δ–) as needed. Problem (#4.) For each skeletal structure below, satisfy the valences (or octets) of all of the atoms by filling in double and triple bonds as well as unshared electron pairs. Assign non-zero formal charges and show the overall charge if the structure is an ion. See photo attached for Problem number 4. Problem (#5.) For each structure in question 4, draw a resonance hybrid (if it has one) and assign non-zero formal and/or partial charges as needed.arrow_forward
- 4)On the following molecules, draw the curved arrows to convert the left-hand resonance structure form to the right-hand resonance structure formarrow_forwardProblem (1) Which of the following compounds show cis-trans isomerism? Draw the cis and trans isomers of those that do. CHF=CHF FC CH2 CH;=CH-CH,-CH3 -CHCH, -CHCHCH, CHCH,arrow_forwardIdentify all functional groups that are present in strychnine, a highly toxic alkaloid used as a pesticide to kill rodents, whose line structure is shown here. What compound class is characteristic of each of those functional groups? Strychninearrow_forward
- I’m not sure which formula to select. Since there is a credible bond stretch should I use the formula for alkyne?arrow_forwardThe curved arrow notation introduced in Section 1.6 is a powerful method used by organic chemists to show the movement of electrons not only in resonance structures, but also in chemical reactions. Since each curved arrow shows the movement of two electrons, following the curved arrows illustrates what bonds are broken and formed in a reaction. Consider the following three-step process. (a) Add curved arrows in Step [1] to show the movement of electrons. (b) Use the curved arrows drawn in Step [2] to identify the structure of X. X is converted in Step [3] to phenol and HCl.arrow_forward(a) Draw all resonance contributors of the following ion. In drawing each additional resonance structure, use curved arrows to indicate which pairs of electrons are being shifted. (b) Draw the resonance hybrid. (c) Which c–C bond is the longest?arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning