Albinism is caused by an autosomal recessive allele that interferes with skin pigmentation in mammals. Two normally pigmented parents already have an albino boy. They plan to have 2 more children. a)  What is the probability that their next two children will be normally pigmented? Show your work. b)  What is the probability that their next two children will both have albinism? Show your work. c)  What is the probability that, when they have 2 more children, they will end up with a family including a total of 2 albino children and one normal? Show your work.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Albinism is caused by an autosomal recessive allele that interferes with skin pigmentation in mammals. Two normally pigmented parents already have an albino boy. They plan to have 2 more children.

a)  What is the probability that their next two children will be normally pigmented? Show your work.

b)  What is the probability that their next two children will both have albinism? Show your work.

c)  What is the probability that, when they have 2 more children, they will end up with a family including a total of 2 albino children and one normal? Show your work.

d)  What is the probability that, when they have two more children, the next child (i.e. the second-born child) will be normal, followed by a child with albinism? Show your work.

e) Explain why the answers to part (c) and part (d) are calculated differently.

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Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes besides of sex chromosome. The inherited pattern of autosome by Mendel is called an autosomal pattern of Mendelian inheritance.

Autosomal recessive inheritance – in this inheritance both diseased alleles are needed to cause and express the phenotype in an individual. The individuals carrying only one diseased allele do not exhibit phenotype and are called carriers. The parents are not affected typically but they carry diseased alleles.

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