Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073401331
Author: William Navidi Prof.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9.4, Problem 1E
Recycling newsprint is important in reducing waste. The article “The Influence of Newspaper Aging on Optical Properties of its De-inked Pulp” (M. Rahmaninia, A Latibari, ct al., Turkish J Eng Env-Set, 2008:35–39) presents the results of an experiment to determine the effects of the age of newsprint on the brightness (in percent) of the recycled paper. Four aging periods were considered, along with five concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), used to de-ink the paper. The effect of the sodium hydroxide concentration is not of interest. The results are presented in the following table.
- a. Identify the blocking factor and the treatment factor.
- b. Construct an ANOVA table. You may give
ranges for the P-values. - c. Can you conclude that brightness differs with age? Explain.
- d. Which pairs of ages, if any, can you conclude to have differing brightnesses? Use the 5% level.
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Recycling newsprint is important in reducing waste. The article "The Influence of
Newspaper Aging on Optical Properties of its De-inked Pulp" (M. Rahmaninia, A. Latibari,
et al., Turkish J Eng Env Sci, 2008:35-39) presents the results of an experiment to
determine the effects of the age of newsprint on the brightness (in percent) of the recycled
paper. Four aging periods were considered, along with five concentrations of sodium
hydroxide (NaOH), used to de-ink the paper. The effect of the sodium hydroxide
concentration is not of interest. The results are presented in the following table.
NaOH Concentration
Age (Months)
2%
0%
0.5%
1%
1.5%
54.6
54.3
55.5
56.3
56.6
4
45.6
44.1
43.7
45.6
47.1
46.1
45.9
46.4
45.0
47.9
12
44.0
44.1
45.2
43.7
46.5
a. Identify the blocking factor and the treatment factor.
b. Construct an ANOVA table. You may give ranges for the P-values.
Can you conclude that brightness differs with age? Explain.
C.
d.
Which pairs of ages, if any, can you conclude to have…
The article "Effect of Refrigeration on the Potassium Bitartrate Stability and Composition
of Italian Wines" (A. Versari, D. Barbanti, et al., Italian Journal of Food Science, 2002:45-
52) reports a study in which eight types of white wine had their tartaric acid concentration
(in g/L) measured both before and after a cold stabilization process. The results are
presented in the following table:
Wine Type
Before
After
Difference
2.86
2.59
0.27
2.85
2.47
0.38
3
1.84
1.58
0.26
4
1.60
1.56
0.04
0.80
0.78
0.02
6.
0.89
0.66
0.23
2.03
1.87
0.16
1.90
1.71
0.19
Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean difference between the tartaric acid
concentrations before and after the cold stabilization process.
Body Fat. In the paper “Total Body Composition by Dual- Photon (153 Gd) Absorptiometry” (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 40, pp. 834–839), R. Mazess et al. studied methods for quantifying body composition. Eighteen randomly selected adults were measured for percentage of body fat, using dual-photon absorptiometry. Each adult’s age and percentage of body fat are shown on the WeissStats site.
a. Decide whether you can reasonably apply the regression t-test. If so, then also do part (b).
b. Decide, at the 5% significance level, whether the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the predictor variable is useful for predicting the response variable.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
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