An Introduction to Thermal Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780201380279
Author: Daniel V. Schroeder
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 7.1, Problem 1P
To determine
The sketch of fraction of occupied heme sites as a fraction of partial pressure of oxygen.
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Hi, could I get some help with this micro-macro connection physics problem involving root mean square speed?
The set up is:
What is the rms speed (in m/s) of a helium-3 atom in an ideal gas at a room temperature of 300 kelvin (K) to 4 digits of precision if kB = 1.38e-23 J/K, and the mass of helium-3 is 3.016 u, where the atomic mass unit u = 1.66e-27 kg?
Thank you.
In this problem you will investigate the behavior of a van derWaals fluid near the critical point. It is easiest to work in terms of reduced variables throughout.
Still working in the same limit, find an expression for the difference in volume between the gas and liquid phases at the vapor pressure. You should find (Vg -Vi) ex: (Tc -Tl, where (3 is known as a critical exponent. Experiments show that (3 has a universal value of about 1/3, but the van der Waals model predicts a larger value.
At equilibrium, the chemical potentials the gas and liquid phases of a solvent in a solution are equal, and for
an ideal mixture the following equation holds (x is the mole fraction of the solvent):
Pvapour (T, P*) + RTln(P/p*) =
solution (T, P) +RTln(x)
a) Modify this equation for a real solution by involving the activity coefficient of the solvent in the
solution, using a Raoult's law standard state.
b) The vapor pressure of H₂O above a solution that is 40% by mass in ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4, at
300K is 21.28 torr.
The standard vapor pressure of pure water (P*) is 26.6 torr at this 300K.
Calculate the activity and the activity coefficient of water in this solution.
c) Are the IMF between the salt and the water attractive or repulsive? Explain your answer.
Chapter 7 Solutions
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 7.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 7.1 - Prob. 4PCh. 7.1 - Show that when a system is in thermal and...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 7PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 8PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 9PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 11PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 12PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 13P
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 14PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 15PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 16PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 17PCh. 7.2 - Prob. 18PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 19PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 20PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 21PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 22PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 24PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 25PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 26PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 29PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 32PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 33PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 34PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 37PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 38PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 39PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 40PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 41PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 42PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 43PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 44PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 45PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 46PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 47PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 48PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 49PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 50PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 51PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 52PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 53PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 54PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 55PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 56PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 57PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 58PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 59PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 60PCh. 7.5 - The heat capacity of liquid 4He below 0.6 K is...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 62PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 63PCh. 7.5 - Prob. 64PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 65PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 66PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 67PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 68PCh. 7.6 - If you have a computer system that can do...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 70PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 71PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 72PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 73PCh. 7.6 - Prob. 75P
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- The following empirical equation correlates the values of variables in a system in which solid particles are suspended in a flowing gas: 1/3 (5)" (¹²) " (d, up kg day D Both and PD are dimensionless groups; k, is a coefficient that expresses the rate at which a particular species transfers from the gas to the solid particles; and the coefficients 2.00 and 0.600 are dimensionless constants obtained by fitting experimental data covering a wide range of values of the equation variables. Estimate the values of k, for the following data; pay attention to units. Case 1 = 2.00+ 0.600 2 3 3.00 mm 0.300 in 0.350 cm (dimensionless) 0.100 0.100 0.200 D 0.170 cm²/s 1.10 x 104 ft²/s 2.60 x 10-5 m²/s " 2.20 x 10-5 (N-1)/m² 3.00 x 10-7(b) Mt² 2.00 x 104 g/cm-s) P 0.750 x 10-3 g/cm³ 0.0500lb/ft² 1.30 kg/m³ 20.0 m/s 42.0ft/s 1000.0 cm/s 651 656 314 m/s ft/s cm/sarrow_forwardThe Dieterici equation of state is similar to the van der Waals equation in that they both employ gas-specific constants a and b to attempt to account for the interaction between molecules and the nonzero volume of the individual molecules of gas. However, the Dieterici equation of state has a significantly different functional form: P(V – b) = RTe-a/(rVT) Note that a and b are constants (n is implicitly constant as volume is expressed as molar volume). What are the following partial derivatives for the Diererici equation of state? ӘР a) b) ƏP. Tarrow_forwardPressure and bulk modulus of an electron gas. (a) Derive a relation connecting the pressure and volume of an electron gas at 0 K. Hint: Use the result of Problem 1 and the relation between er and electron concentration. The result may be writ- ten as p =(U/V). (b) Show that the bulk modulus B = –V(dp/əV) of an electron gas at 0 K is B = 5p/3 = 10U/9V. (c) Estimate for potassium, using Table 1, the value of the electron gas contribution to B.arrow_forward
- define the chemical potential in terms of derivatives of the ĈE energy E and enthalpy H. For a one component system, these are u= ON and Evaluate these expressions for an ideal gas and compare to ON µ = -kT In (kT/PA³ ) from H=| P,s OF and |= 1 TP ON v.rarrow_forwardThe graph below shows the distribution of molecular speeds for heliumand carbon dioxide at the same tern perature. (a) which curve could represent the behavior of carbon dioxide?(b) Which curve represents the gas that would effuse more quickly?(c) Wnich curve could represent the behavior of helium gas?arrow_forwardHi, could I get some help with this micro-macro connection physics problem involving root mean square speed? The set up is: For an atom in an ideal gas with rms speed in one direction, vx = 100 m/s, and mass m = 6.66e-27 kg, what is the temperature T in kelvin (K) to four digits of precision if Boltzman constant kB = 1.38e-23 J/K? Thank you.arrow_forward
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