Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 8RQ
Which of the following is the best way to judge the relative activation energies between two given
- Compare the ?G values between the two reactions
- Compare their reaction rates
- Compare their ideal environmental conditions
- Compare the spontaneity between the two reactions.
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Which one of the following statements is completely TRUE?
O When AG > 0, the reaction is BOTH product-favored (spontaneous) AND endergonic.
When AG 0, the reaction is BOTH reactant-favored (nonspontaneous) AND endergonic.
When AG > 0, the reaction is BOTH product-favored (spontaneous) AND exergonic.
When AG > 0, the reaction is BOTH reactant-favored (nonspontaneous) AND exergonic.
When AG < 0, the reaction is BOTH reactant-favored (nonspontaneous) AND exergonic.
In a transition state diagram, which of the following are features of the transition state (TS)? There
may be more than one correct answer, select all that apply.
The change in energy in ground state to the transition state represents the Gibbs Free Energy
If the reaction is reversible, the TS will only progress forward to form products
The TS occupies a trough
The TS is associated with the highest energy
The TS occupies the highest peak
Which of the following aspects of catalysis by enzymes can NOT be explained by the
Fischer Lock and Key Hypothesis?
Enzymes will lower the activation energy barrier for reaction.
Enzymes will specifically recognize their substrates.
Appropriate substrates will bind to the enzyme to form a Michaelis complex.
Enzymes have an "active site" where appropriate substrates will be bound.
Two of the above cannot be explained by the Fischer "Lock and Key" Hypothesis.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 6 - Figure 6.8 Look at each of the processes shown,...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.10 If no activation energy were required...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.14 The hydrolysis of one ATP molecule...Ch. 6 - Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of and...Ch. 6 - DNA replication involves unwinding two strands of...Ch. 6 - Consider a pendulum swinging. Which type(s) of...Ch. 6 - Which of the following comparisons or contrasts...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is the best way to judge...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is not an example of an...Ch. 6 - In each of the three systems, determine the state...
Ch. 6 - The energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is...Ch. 6 - Which of the following molecules is likely to have...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is not true about enzymes...Ch. 6 - An allosteric inhibitor does which of the...Ch. 6 - Which of the following analogies best describes...Ch. 6 - Does physical exercise involve anabolic and/or...Ch. 6 - Name two different cellular functions that require...Ch. 6 - Explain in your own words the difference between a...Ch. 6 - Describe the position of the transition state on a...Ch. 6 - Imagine an elaborate ant farm with tunnels and...Ch. 6 - Energy transfers take place constantly in everyday...Ch. 6 - Do you think that the Ea for ATP hydrolysis is...Ch. 6 - With regard to enzymes, why are vitamins necessary...Ch. 6 - Explain in your own words how enzyme feedback...
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- this one represents an endothermic reaction. Things are similar: the flat line on the left (beginning of the reaction) is the total energy possessed by the reactant molecules; once again, kJ stands for energy in kiloJoules, thousands of Joules. The flat line on the right (reaction complete) is the total energy of the products. Since an endothermic reaction has a net absorption of energy (taking this extra energy from the surroundings), the products have higher energy than the reactants. Question: the energy of the reactant molecules is kJ. [to answer, simply identify the correct y-axis coordinate.] 250 200 PE (kJ) 150 100 50 Reaction pathwayarrow_forwardConsider a reaction in which reactants X and Y combine to form the product Z. The diagram below compares the reaction coordinates for the catalyzed and uncatalyzed pathways of this reaction. B. X+Y Reaction Coordinate What does letter B represent? O Letter B represents the activation energy of the uncatalyzed reaction pathway. Letter B represents the energy difference between the reactants and products for the uncatalyzed pathway. O Letter B represents the activation energy of the catalyzed reaction pathway. Letter B represents the energy difference between the reactants and products for the catalyzed pathway. Energyarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true for BOTH the "transition state" and an "intermediate" of reaction? (This is a multi-select question, select all that apply.). Both are only observed in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Both can be converted to product(s) or might decompose back to the reactant(s). Neither are part of the "net equation" for the reaction. Both contain covalent bonds are in the process of breaking and/or forming. Both are part of every chemical reaction. (i.e. the mechanisms of all chemical reactions, whether enzyme catalyzed or not, will have involve both a transition state and an intermediate).arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not an assumption made when evaluating Michaelis Menton kinetics? the reaction is happening at body temperature the substrate is in great excess of the catalyst measurement of initial velocity of the reaction reaction conditions are occurring under steady statearrow_forwardDrag and drop the statements to the correct box: Enzymes DO: Decrease required activation energy Enzymes DON'T: Remain unchanged during the reaction Increase the reaction rate Energy Change the products made Activation energy (X+Y) reactants Change the reactants used Activation Energy A Activation energy (Y→X) products ΔΗ Reaction path Reaction without catalyst Reaction with catalyst Name two things we learned that can denature an enzyme:arrow_forwardIdentify the bisubstrate reaction type represented by the curve below. B 2B 1/A O Single Substrate Reaction O Random Single-Displacement Reaction O Ordered Single-Displacement Reaction O Ping-Pong Reaction A/Tarrow_forward
- For a reaction to be spontaneous, which of the following factors should have a negative sign? A Enthalpy and A Entropy A Temperature A Gibbs Free Energy and A Enthalpy AGibb's Free Energy, AEnthalpy and A Entropy Sellarrow_forwardDraw a curved arrow mechanism for the reaction, adding steps as necessary. Be sure to include all electrons that are necessary to the mechanism and all nonzero formal charges. о :0- 0-н .0. + Add/Remove step Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardDetermine the direction that each of the reactions will progress. Assume that the reactants and products are present in equimolar amounts. The standard free energy of hydrolysis of ATP is - 30.5 kJ/mol. fructose + ATP fructose 6-phosphate + ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for fructose 6-phosphate is -15.9 kJ/mol. 3-phosphoglycerate + ATP 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is -49.3 kJ/mol. creatine + ATP creatine phosphate + ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for creatine phosphate is -43.0 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
- Which of the following steps should be followed when performing kinetics experiments? the michaelis constant must be known the enzyme and substrate should not be mixed until just before the absorbance readings are taken reaction rates must be taken until reaction completion enzyme concentration must remain constantarrow_forwardOn the free energy diagram shown, label the intermediate (s) and transition state(s). Is the reaction thermodynamically favorable? Reaction.arrow_forwardConsider a transition of X → y. assume that the only difference between X and y is the presence of three hydrogen bonds in y that are absent in X. What is the ratio of X to y when the reaction is in equilibrium?arrow_forward
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