Concepts of Genetics (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780321948915
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 32ESP
In Drosophila, a female fly is heterozygous for three mutations, Bar eyes (B), miniature wings (m), and ebony body (e). Note that Bar is a dominant mutation. The fly is crossed to a male with normal eyes, miniature wings, and ebony body. The results of the cross are as follows.
Interpret the results of this cross. If you conclude that linkage is involved between any of the genes, determine the map distance(s) between them.
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In drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormal phenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonic development. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm.
(A) Using m+ to denote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a cross between a heterozygous female and a recessive male.
(B) From the offspring, backcross the recessive female with the paternal strain. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s?
(C) If m-m- females produce useless eggs, then how are m-m- produced?
The genotype of a Drosophila with a heterozygous translocation
between chromosome 2 and chromosome 3 is shown below, where bw =
brown eyes and e = ebony body:
bw+
bw
e
Assume there is no crossing over in the female and that alternate =
adjacent 1 = adjacent 2 disjunction. [Yes, these assumptions are incorrect, but
they make the problem much easier!] Two individuals of the above genotype,
i.e. both heterozygous for this 2;3 translocation and both heterozygous for bw
(on chromosome 2) and e (on chromosome 3) are crossed.
A (Only zygotes with balanced genomes will survive to adulthood.
What proportion of F1 zygotes have a balanced genome?
B. Draw the genotype(s) and state the phenotype(s) of the surviving
progeny you mentioned in part A above. For each different genotype/phenotype
indicate it's frequency among the surviving progeny.
Females of wild-type Strain A and males of mutant Strain B, as well as females of mutant Strain B and males of wild-type Strain A, make reciprocal crosses. Explain why reciprocal crosses are needed in genetics experiments involving Drosophila fruit flies.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (11th Edition)
Ch. 5 - In a family with one autistic child the risk for...Ch. 5 - Given that the prenatal test can provide only a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CSCh. 5 - Prob. 4CSCh. 5 - Consider two hypothetical recessive autosomal...Ch. 5 - With two pairs of genes involved (P/p and Z/z), a...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, a heterozygous female for the...Ch. 5 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 5 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 94. Most...Ch. 5 - Describe the cytological observation that suggests...
Ch. 5 - Why does more crossing over occur between two...Ch. 5 - Explain why a 50 percent recovery of...Ch. 5 - Why are double-crossover events expected less...Ch. 5 - What is the proposed basis for positive...Ch. 5 - What two essential criteria must be met in order...Ch. 5 - The genes dumpy (dp), clot (cl), and apterous (ap)...Ch. 5 - Colored aleurone in the kernels of com is due to...Ch. 5 - In the cross shown here, involving two linked...Ch. 5 - In a series of two-point mapping crosses involving...Ch. 5 - Two different female Drosophila were isolated,...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, a cross was made between femalesall...Ch. 5 - Another cross in Drosophila involved the...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, Dichaete (D) is a mutation on...Ch. 5 - Drosophila females homozygous for the third...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, two mutations, Stubble (Sb) and...Ch. 5 - If the cross described in Problem 18 were made,...Ch. 5 - Are mitotic recombinations and sister chromatid...Ch. 5 - What possible conclusions can be drawn from the...Ch. 5 - An organism of the genotype AaBbCc was testcrossed...Ch. 5 - Based on our discussion of the potential...Ch. 5 - Traditional gene mapping has been applied...Ch. 5 - DNA markers have greatly enhanced the mapping of...Ch. 5 - In a certain plant, fruit is either red or yellow,...Ch. 5 - Two plants in a cross were each heterozygous for...Ch. 5 - A number of humanmouse somatic cell hybrid clones...Ch. 5 - A female of genotype produces 100 meiotic tetrads....Ch. 5 - In laboratory class, a genetics student was...Ch. 5 - Drosophila melanogaster has one pair of sex...Ch. 5 - In Drosophila, a female fly is heterozygous for...Ch. 5 - The gene controlling the Xg blood group alleles...Ch. 5 - Prob. 34ESP
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- In Drosophila, a female fly is heterozygous for three mutations, Bareyes (B), miniature wings (m), and ebony body (e). Note that Bar isa dominant mutation. The fly is crossed to a male with normal eyes,miniature wings, and ebony body. The results of the cross are asfollows.111 miniature29 wild type117 Bar26 Bar, mimatue101 Bar, ebony31 Bar, miniature, ebony35 ebony115 miniature, ebonyInterpret the results of this cross. If you conclude that linkage isinvolved between any of the genes, determine that map distance(sbetween them.arrow_forwardThe locations of six deletions have been mapped to a Drosophila chromosome, as shown in the following deletion map. Recessive mutations a, b, c, d, e, and f are known to be located in the same region as the deletions, but the order of the mutations on the chromosome is not known.arrow_forwardIn Drosophila, Lyra (Ly) and stubble (Sb) are dominant mutations located at locus 40 and 58, on chromosome 3. A recessive mutation with bright eyes was discovered and shown also to be on chromosome 3. A map was obtained by crossing a female who was heterozygous for all three mutations to a male homozygous for the bright red mutation (temporarily will be called br). The following data were obtained. Ly Sb br 404 + + br 2 Ly + br 75 + Sb + 59 Ly + + 18 + Sb br 16 Ly Sb + 4 + + + 422 Diagram the cross and determine the location of the bright red mutation on chromosome 3arrow_forward
- In Drosophila, the genes ct(cut wing margin), y (yellow body), and v (vermilion eye color) are X-linked. Females heterozygous for all three markers were mated with wildtype males and the following male progeny were obtained. As is conventional in Drosophila genetics, the wild-type allele of each gene is designated by a “+” sign in the appropriate column. Use the data to (A) create a genetic map of the genes, (B) calculate interference, and (C) interpret the value of interference. Show your work.arrow_forwardIn drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormal phenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonic development. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm. Using m+ to denote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a cross between a heterozygous female and a recessive male. From the offspring, backcross the recessive female with the paternal strain. 1. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s? 2. If m-m- females produce useless eggs, then how are m-m- produced?arrow_forwardIn drosophila, a recessive mutation (m-) of a maternal effect gene results in an abnormal phenotype wherein homozygous (m-m-) females produce eggs that cannot support embryonic development. Homozygous (m-m-) males, however, can still produce viable sperm. Using m+ to denote a normal gene, determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1s produce by a cross between a heterozygous female and a recessive male. From the offspring, backcross the recessive female with the paternal strain. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F2s? Show COMPLETE cross for both cases. If m-m- females produce useless eggs, then how are m-m- produced?arrow_forward
- In Drosophila, a heterozygous female for the X-linkedrecessive traits a, b, and c was crossed to a male that phenotypically expressed a, b, and c. The offspring occurred inthe following phenotypic ratios.+ b c 460a + + 450a b c 32+ + + 38a + c 11+ b + 9 No other phenotypes were observed.(a) Determine the correct sequence and construct amap of these genes on the X chromosome ?arrow_forwardWhen a female melanotic fly is crossed with a normal male, the progeny are produced: 123 normal females, 125 melanotic females, and 124 normal males. In subsequent crosses between melanotic females and normal males, melanotic females are frequently obtained, but never any melanotic males. Provide a possible explanation for the inhertiacne of the melanotic mutation (Hint: The cross produces twice as many female progeny as male progeny)arrow_forwardThe Drosophila gene Sex lethal (Sxl) is deserving of itsname. Certain alleles have no effect on XY animals butcause XX animals to die early in development. Other alleles have no effect on XX animals but cause XY animals to die early in development. Thus, some Sxl allelesare lethal to females, while others are lethal to males.a. Would you expect a null mutation in Sxl to causelethality in males or in females? b. Why do Sxl alleles of either type cause lethality ina specific sex?The gene transformer (tra) gets its name from sexualtransformation, as some tra alleles can change XXanimals into morphological males, while other traalleles can change XY animals into morphologicalfemales.c. Which of these sex transformations would becaused by null alleles of tra and which would becaused by constitutively active alleles of tra?d. In contrast with Sxl, null tra mutations do notcause lethality either in XX or in XY animals.However, the Sxl protein regulates the productionof the Tra protein. Why…arrow_forward
- A maternal effect gene in Drosophila, called torso, is found as a recessive allele that prevents the correct development of anterior- and posterior-most structures. A wild-type (homozygous) male is crossed to a female of unknown genotype. This mating produces 100% larva that are missing their anterior- and posterior-most structures and therefore die during early development. What is the genotype and phenotype of the female fly in this cross? What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the female fly’s parents? Show COMPLETE cross.arrow_forwardIn Drosophila, a heterozygous female for the X-linkedrecessive traits a, b, and c was crossed to a male that phenotypically expressed a, b, and c. The offspring occurred inthe following phenotypic ratios.+ b c 460a + + 450a b c 32+ + + 38a + c 11+ b + 9 No other phenotypes were observed.(a) What is the genotypic arrangement of the alleles ofthese genes on the X chromosome of the female?arrow_forwardThe locations of six deletions have been mapped to a Drosophila chromosome, as shown in the following deletion map. Recessive mutations a, b, c, d, e, and f are known to be located in the same region as the deletions, but the order of the mutations on the chromosome is not known. (refer image for contination )arrow_forward
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