Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.4, Problem 1CS
Summary Introduction
To determine: The type of movement occurring during muscle contraction.
Introduction: Muscles are attached to tendons and bones, and shortening of muscles is required in order to facilitate movements, but muscles are not required to move during contraction. Muscle fibers are bound together in bundles through successive connective tissue layers and the force from contracting the muscle is transmitted to the bones causing movement.
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MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS. Select all that apply. Which of the
following occurs when the muscle is excited (contracting)?
The myosin binding site on the actin thin filaments are covered
Ca2+ ion are being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm
Zone of overlap of a sprcomere increases
The H-zone of a sarcomere gets larger
O The myosin head is NOT attached to the actin thin filament
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We move a lot and do not even realize how intricate these movements may be from gross motor to fine motor manipulations. Briefly explain the steps involved in a single muscle contraction beginning at the neuromuscular junction through one complete contraction and relaxation for the sliding filament theory. Don’t forget to include all the major proteins (actin, myosin, troponin and tropomyosin) involved as well as calcium and ATP.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 4.1 - What properties of deep-sea vents made them...Ch. 4.1 - Which protobiont seems most similar to todays...Ch. 4.1 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at Figure 3.11....Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1CS
Ch. 4.4 - Describe the type of movements that occur between...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2CSCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CSCh. 4.5 - If we consider the Golgi apparatus as three...Ch. 4.5 - The Nucleus and Endomembrane System Experimental...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2EQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 4.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.6 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Figure...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 4.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4 - The cell theory states that a. all living things...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCh. 4 - Prob. 3TYCh. 4 - Prob. 4TYCh. 4 - Each of the following is part of the endomembrane...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6TYCh. 4 - Functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYCh. 4 - Which of the following observations would not be...Ch. 4 - What are the four stages that led to the origin of...Ch. 4 - Explain how motor proteins and cytoskeletal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CQCh. 4 - Discuss the roles of the genome and proteome in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Label the structures of the myofibril model shown with overlying sarcoplasmic reticulumarrow_forwardWhat are the steps of the sliding filament model? Select all that apply. Sarcomeres are in a relaxed state, in which myosin-binding sites on actin are blocked. When a nervous signal excites the muscle, myosin-binding sites on actin open up and myosin binds to actin. The myosin heads hydrolyze ATP to ADP and P. The binding of myosin to actin releases phosphate and triggers a power stroke. ATP binds to myosin, and the myosin releases its grip on actin, returning to a relaxed state.arrow_forwardWhat are the mechanisms for muscle contraction vs. relaxation in regards to myosin/thick filaments/thin filament movement? Is it true that if tropomysin blocks myosin sites, contraction ends and muscle relaxes?arrow_forward
- ercise 22 Review & Practice Sheet: Muscle Physiology Neurotransmitter: Submit Request Answer Part B Match each term listed with the correct description. Reset Help Wave summation Fusion of twitches: Twitch Time prior to tension: Depolarization Response to a single stimulus: Recruitment Latent period Shift in transmembrane potential toward 0 mV: Incomplete tetanus Activating more motor units: Contraction with rapid relaxation cycles: Submit Request Answerarrow_forwardOutline the role of calcium ions on muscle contraction during a biceps curl. In your answer: A) Describe the role of the nervous system in stimulating the release of calcium ions. b) Outline the role calcium ions play in the 'sliding filament theory?'arrow_forwardA bands: Dark areas that correspond to the areas where thick filaments are present. • I hands: Light areas that contains only thin filaments. . Z line: A protein disk within the I band that anchors the thin filaments and connects adjacent myofibrils. • H zone: Located in the middle of each A band, this lighter stripe appears corresponding to the region between the thin filaments. • M line: Protein fibers that connect neighboring thick filaments. Sarcomeres: The region of the myofibril between two Z lines. ** Keep in mind, this information is crucial for your understanding of the sliding filament theory.arrow_forward
- Can you reverse muscle atrophy that is due to genetic abnormalities or chemical treatment such as after chemotherapy? What are the latest advancements in this field?arrow_forwardSkeletal muscle cells undergo contractions based on a molecular mechanism involving: 1)the sliding of actin and myosin filaments past each other without any change in filament length 2) the shortening of actin filaments following direct interaction with myosin 3) dynamic instability of microtubules 4)nonearrow_forwardMuscle contraction experiment What will happen to the muscle in the experiment?arrow_forward
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