Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 43.6, Problem 1TC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason that why it is biologically useful to have the fetal and maternal bloodstreams separated by membranes, rather than have their blood vessels fuse into one combined circulatory system.
Introduction:
The placenta is a type of organ that develops inside the female uterus at the time of pregnancy. The placenta is involved in the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste material in between the mother and fetus.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Your cousin just had twins. She tells you that twinning occurs when two sperm fertilize the same egg. You reply when two sperm fertilize the same egg. What will be your reply?
a) yes, she is right, that is the most common source of twinning
b) no, only one sperm survives passage through the uterine cervix, so two sperm are never present at fertilization
c) no, cortical granules are used to prevent additional sperm penetration
d) no, twinning occurs when unfertilized eggs divide spontaneously and thus is parthenogenic in nature
Why can twins resulting from a single fertilized egg exchange blood or receive organ transplants from each other without rejection, whereas twins resulting from two fertilized eggs sometimes cannot?
Which statement regarding fetal/maternal circulation is correct?
Question 25 options:
a)
Two arteries in the umbilical cord carry deoxygenated blood and waste products away from the fetus to the placenta
b)
Two veins in the umbilical cord carry blood that is high in carbon dioxide and other waste products away from the fetus to the placenta
c)
Two arteries carry freshly oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood back from the placenta to the fetus
d)
One artery carries freshly oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood back from the placenta to the fetus
Chapter 43 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 43.1 - define development and describe how cell division...Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.3 - describe early development in amphibians,...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.4 - Does the development of a human limb, and the rest...Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1TC
Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 3TCCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 43.5 - describe human embryonic development from...Ch. 43.5 - describe the structure and function of the...Ch. 43.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2TCCh. 43 - Prob. 1MCCh. 43 - Animals with Indirect development a. develop...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3MCCh. 43 - Prob. 4MCCh. 43 - Prob. 5MCCh. 43 - Prob. 6MCCh. 43 - Prob. 7MCCh. 43 - Prob. 8MCCh. 43 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 43 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 43 - Distinguish between direct and indirect...Ch. 43 - Describe the structure and function of the four...Ch. 43 - What is gastrulation? Describe gastrulation in...Ch. 43 - Prob. 4RQCh. 43 - Prob. 5RQCh. 43 - In humans, where does fertilization occur, and...Ch. 43 - Prob. 7RQCh. 43 - Prob. 8RQCh. 43 - How do changes in the breast prepare a mother to...Ch. 43 - Prob. 10RQCh. 43 - Prob. 1ACCh. 43 - Prob. 2AC
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- Describe the development of reproductive organs in a fetus of each gender. Which genes, gene products, and hormones are involved in the sex differences? Which sex- related hormones are circulating in high concentrations in a pregnant woman compared to a nonpregnant woman? Do these hormones cross the placenta (if you are uncertain, consider hormone chemical class relative to membrane permeability to make an educated guess)? Assuming these hormones do cross the placenta, how do they affect the hormonal environment inside the fetus, and how does this relate to fetal reproductive development?arrow_forwardExplain why it is so important that the blood of mother and offspring do not mix together in the placenta. List the structural features of the placenta that contribute to efficient exchange and explain why each is important.arrow_forwardDoes the placenta allow fetal blood cells to mix with the maternal blood?arrow_forward
- Placenta ... a) ... develops from trophoblast cells. b) ... develops from embryoblast cells. c) ... allows the blood of the mother and fetus to be mixedarrow_forwardA friend in your dormitory, a freshman, tells you that she just discovered she is 3 months pregnant. You know that since she came to college she has been experimenting with recreational drugs. Circle the best advice you could give her, and explain your choice. (a) She must stop taking the drugs, but they could not have affected her fetus during these first few months of her pregnancy. (b) Harmful substances usually cannot pass from mother to embryo, so she can keep using drugs. (c) There could be defects in the fetus, so she should stop using drugs and visit a doctor as soon as possible. (d) If she has not taken any drugs in the last week, she is OK.arrow_forwardIs there a exchange of cells between the mother and the fetus through the placenta?arrow_forward
- The placenta is your unborn baby's life support system and plays a key role in its development. Answer the following questions: Describe the functions performed by the placenta for the developing embryo, and in each case, explain the mechanism that allows it to perform such function. Recent studies suggest that the placenta is also an immunological organ. Explore current research literature and discuss mechanisms used by the placenta to block the mother’s immune response against the developing fetus.arrow_forwardThe __________ arteries are the blood vessels of the heart, responsible for nutrient and O2 transport to the heart muscles. A part of the endocrine system, the __________ is responsible for producing T-cells in addition to producing hormones involved in controlling metabolism. The ________ diverts oxygen-poor blood away from fetal lungs, helping it to be delivered to the placental border for exchange with the maternal blood supply.arrow_forwardWhat is the purpose of the placenta? Which part of the blastocyst eventually becomes the fetal placenta? In birds, developing chicks rely on the yolk sac to provide essential nutrients, but in humans, this is not the case. Why don’t we need it to provide nutrition? What is amniocentesis? How is it done?arrow_forward
- Do other organs or organ systems develop at the same time? Are they related to the function of your assigned organ or organ system? A previously infertile couple wishes to have a pregnancy but the man produces non-motile sperm. If it were possible to fertilize one of the woman's eggs by removing a sperm nucleus and injecting it into the egg, could this procedure ever produce viable offspring? Why or why not?arrow_forwardHow does the mother’s circulatory system provide nutrients to the fetus without allowing the blood of the mother to mix with the fetal blood?arrow_forwardat what point does life begins in a pregnancy, in other words, does it begin at initial conception, when it becomes an embryo, when it becomes a fetus, or is there some other point in which life begins?arrow_forward
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