Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 41.3, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires, typically every few years. If these disturbances were relatively modest, how would the species diversity of a prairie likely be affected if no burning occurred for 100 years? Explain your answer.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Unit B - Rainforests are being clear-cut in order to make room for more profitable
crops that can be used as biofuels. In Brazil, a monoculture consisting of fields of
soya beans is being planted, replacing the native rainforest ecosystem that often
consists of thousands of species.
Unit B - Compare the previous rainforest ecosystem and the new monoculture
ecosystem with respect to biodiversity and population size.
Your response should include
· an explanation of biotic limiting factors
an explanation of abiotic limiting factors
a discussion of the availability of habitats and niches
If the human population were to stabilize tomorrow and never reach 8 billion people, would that solve all our environmental problems? Why or why not? What conditions might get better, and what challenges might remain?
The figure below shows the relative abundance (y axis) of shrubs in an ecosystem in the years
following a fire (x axis). The shrubs in this ecosystem fall into two functional groups: fıre recruiters
and fıre persisters.
FIRE-RECRUITER
SYNDROME
FIRE-PERSISTER
SYNDROME
10
100
Fire
LOG YEARS
If fire frequency decreased significantly in this ecosystem, which group would be benefited?
O Both functional groups would benefit equally
O Fire recruiter species
O Fire persister species
RELATIVE
SHRUB SEEDLING
ESTABLISHMENT
Chapter 41 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 41.1 - Explain how interspecific competition, predation,...Ch. 41.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 41.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 22.13 illustrates how a...Ch. 41.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 41.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 41.2 - WHAT IF? Consider a grassland with five trophic...Ch. 41.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Rising atmospheric CO2 levels...Ch. 41.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 41.3 - During succession, how might the early species...Ch. 41.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...
Ch. 41.4 - Describe two hypotheses that explain why species...Ch. 41.4 - Describe how an islands size and distance from the...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? Based on MacArthur and Wilsons island...Ch. 41.5 - What are pathogens?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41 - The feeding relationships among the species in a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 41 - Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed...Ch. 41 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY An ecologist studying plants in...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain why adaptations of...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In Bateslan mimicry, a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 9TYU
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- INTERTRET DATA Scientists have compiled databases of large forest wildfires in the western United States and compared them to climate and land-surface data. Examine the graph showing wildfire frequency compared to average springsummer temperature. Do you see a correlation? If so, describe it. Based on these data, do you think that climate warming is causing more wildfires? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardDisruption #1: Habitat Destruction/Loss/Fragmentation/Degradation Deforestation in tropical areas is the greatest eliminator of species. Globally, temperate biomes have been affected more by habitat loss and degradation than have tropical biomes because of widespread economic development in temperate countries over the past 200 years. Island species -- many of them endemic species found nowhere else on earth -- are especially vulnerable to extinction when their habitats are destroyed, degraded, or fragmented. Any habitat surrounded by a different one can be viewed as a habitat island for most of the species that live there. Most national parks and other nature reserves are habitat islands, many of them encircled by potentially damaging logging, mining, energy extraction, and industrial activities. Habitat fragmentation -- by roads, logging, agriculture, and urban development -- OCcurs when a large area of habitat is reduced and divided into smaller, isolated patches, or habitat…arrow_forwardCER SCENARIO #1 This ecosystem is being affected by the development of a neighborhood. Acres are being cleared for building homes and roads. The people who have already moved in are complaining about the foxes that have been going through their yards and have even tried to catch small cats and dogs as prey. It was decided that the foxes would be trapped and relocated far away from the new neighborhood. PROMPT: WRITE A CLAIM STATEMENT ABOUT WHAT COULD HAPPEN TO THIS ECOSYSTEM WITH THE REMOVAL OF THE FOXES. CLAIM: EVIDENCE: REASONING:arrow_forward
- WHAT IF? Suppose a developer proposes to clear-cuta forest that serves as a corridor between two parks. Tocompensate, the developer also proposes to add the samearea of forest to one of the parks. As a professional ecologist, how might you argue for retaining the corridor?arrow_forward2010 Question #4 (modified) The diagram below shows the succession of communities from annual plants to hardwood trees in a specific area over a period of time. Annual Plants Shrubs Perennial Plants and Grasses Softwood Trees - Pines Hardwood Trees Time 1. Discuss the expected changes in biodiversity as the stages of succession progress as shown in the diagram above. 2. Describe and explain three changes in abiotic conditions over time that lead to the succession, as shown in the diagram. 3. For each of the disturbances found below this list, discuss the immediate and long-term effects on ecosystem succession. 4. Identify two biotic and two abiotic factors and discuss how each could influence the pattern of ecological succession. 5. Discuss the differences in plant diversity and explain how the changes affect the animal species composition. Disturbance #1: A volcano erupts, covering a 10 square kilometer portion of a mature forest with lava. Disturbance #2: A 10 square kilometer…arrow_forwardWhy is regular burning (thru natural fires) an important part of maintaining the health of grasslands and coniferous forests? Identify benefits that are specific to each biome. Also, discuss how suppressing fires could negatively affect each system.arrow_forward
- 0 A.) Benefits humans receive from ecosystem processes minimum viable population size need to identify and support (e) Conservation biology seeks to conserve may involve ecosystems and landscapes may be protected in nature reserves attempt to restore may be (d) (b) B. the monetary value of a product which uses restoratio n projects which support sustainable development (c) to detoxify or replenish degraded ecosystemsarrow_forwardPart B-Interactions in the ecosystems Throughout this unit we have been examining how an organism Interacts with the living and non-living elements in an ecosystem. We Fve discussed and investigated predator/prey relationships as well as Tood chains and webs, Now it is time to put that knowledge into practice and explore some of the interactions between different components in your ecosystem apply it. Your Goal: Using the model ecosystem you have just created, you will generate one food chain/web. Method 1. Using your model, show 1 food web that contains at least 8 elements. You must include a producer, consumer and a secondary consumer. They must be realistic feeding relationships! (You may need to add an element to your ecosystem model). Remember, a food web contains many food chains; make sure your consumers have a variety of food to eat. a primary Önly for the elements in your food web - add to their labels whether it is a producer or consumer. Each consumer must be labelled as a…arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between an increase in fossil fuel consumption and increased carbon in terrestrial plants? How might this change flora populations? What impact could twenty years at this level of consumption have on flora? What is the relationship between an increase in total carbon concentration (the smokestack) and increased carbon in the ocean surface? How might this change marine life populations? What impact could fifty years at this level of emissions have on marine fauna? On marine flora? In addition to circulating through the carbon cycle, where else might excess carbon be found? In fifty years, where would you be most likely to see excess carbon? Which areas are most highly (and quickly) affected by an increase in carbon emissions (and increase in fossil fuel consumption)? How would these effects manifest themselves? What are the dangers/benefits to these areas?arrow_forward
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