Introduction:
The pressure of the blood within the arteries is known asblood pressure. It is generated mainly by the contraction of the muscle of the heart. The measurement of blood pressure is recorded by 2 numbers. The first is systolic pressure which is deliberated after the contraction of the heart is the highest. The second is diastolic pressure which is deliberated before the contraction of the heart is the lowest. A normal blood pressure level of a human being is 120/80 mmHg. It is measured by the instrument called a sphygmomanometer.
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option (d) by activating the baroreceptor reflex.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) by activating the baroreceptor reflex. The baroreceptor reflex responds very rapidly during changes in blood pressure. A reduction in blood pressure reduces baroreflex activation and causes the heart rate to rise and blood pressure levels to be restored. So, this is the correct option.
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) by increasing the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen. Breathe becomes rapid and deeper, thereby maximizing the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen which leads to the thoracic-abdominal pump mechanism. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) by helping to increase the return of blood from veins to the heart. If the pressure of blood in veins gets increased, the flow of blood in arteries also increases. This results in high blood pressure. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) by increasing the heart rate. By increasing heart rate, the restoration of blood pressure does not contribute because the heart can also beat more times in a minute. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (e) by the Bohr Effect. The observations that enhance the partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide or reduce in blood pH are the result of a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is the Bohr Effect. So, this is an incorrect option.
The respiratory system contributes to the restoration of blood pressure by activation of the baroreceptor reflex. Hence, the correct answer is an option (d) by activating the baroreceptor reflex.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
- Daniel, the swimmer with the fastest time on the college swim team, routinely hyperventilates before a meet, as he says "to sock some more oxygen into my lungs so I can swim longer without having to breathe." "Furthermore, my heart won't have to adjust it's output". Is he correct that his heart not having to increase output if he hyperventilates? Explain your recommendation.arrow_forwardAll of the following factors increase hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen EXCEPT: Increased temperature Increased pH Decreased pCO2 Decreased 2,3-DPG All of the above increase hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen The conduction zone: Question 7 options: participates in some gas exchange secretes mucus which is moved down into the respiratory zone of the lungs dries moist air as it moves into the respiratory zone equilibrates incoming air to body temperature none of the above are correct The respiratory membrane for gas exchange includes (select the best answer): Question 8 options: Capillary endothelial cells Type I alveolar cells Type II alveolar cells A and B above A and C abovearrow_forwardHelp me pleasearrow_forward
- Nicotine stimulates both the SA node to increase its firing rate and the myocardium to contract more forcefully, which raises cardiac output. It also causes arteriole vasoconstriction. Given this information, would you expect the blood pressure of a smoker to be relatively higher or lower than that of a nonsmoker? Explain.arrow_forwardIf the partial pressure of oxygen in inhaled air was 80 mm Hg instead of 160 mm Hg, what would be the impact on oxygen transport in the body? Be sure to explain this in detail and to be clear about what you think will happen in all parts of the transfer of oxygen throughout the body.arrow_forwardExplain why inspiration increases heart rate and expiration decreases heart rate.arrow_forward
- Which is true about the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve? A decrease in pH decreases hemoglobin affinity for oxygen A decrease in temperature increases hemoglobin affinity for oxygen Oxygen unloads from hemoglobin when tissue PO2 decreases An increase in PCO2 decreases hemoglobin affinity for oxygen All of the abovearrow_forwardWomen in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries wore whalebone corsets that severely restricted the respiratory and digestive systems. These corsets were worn to have a wasp-like waist. It was quite common for these women to faint—in fact, they had “fainting couches.” Explain the physiological reason for their fainting problems.arrow_forwardWhen the partial pressure of oxygen decreases, will the chemoreceptor reflex? reduce mean blood pressure reduce the peripheral resistance reduce muscle tone in the vesselsarrow_forward
- Chemical and physical properties of gases are important factors in the evolution and physiology of cardiorespiratory systems. Which of the following statements about gases and cardiorespiratory systems is FALSE? When a frog sits in anoxic water, they can get enough oxygen by breathing air. Under these conditions, it makes sense to reduce the blood flow through the skin to reduce loss of oxygen from the blood to the water. When ancient fish began breathing air, they discovered that air was respiratory fluid that was richer in oxygen than was the water they breathed when submerged. When humans climb to high altitude, they breath more frequently to obtain sufficient oxygen and in doing so, get rid of too much carbon dioxide, causing an alkalosis (increase in blood pH). Because the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide is higher air than water, air breathing is linked to getting enough oxygen whereas water breathing is regulated to get rid of carbon dioxide.arrow_forwardWhat term best describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the interface between the systemic capillaries and the peripheral tissues? Cellular respiration External respiration Internal respiration Ventilationarrow_forwardReferring to the loading and unloading of oxygen from hemoglobin (as illustrated in the figure), which of the following statements is correct? Oxygen Dissociation Curve.png Group of answer choices When a person in ventilating at rest, 75% of hemoglobin is still oxyhemoglobin The percent saturation of hemoglobin is higher at higher partial pressures of oxygen A decrease in the pH of the blood would promote unloading oxygen from the hemoglobin All of these are correctarrow_forward
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning