Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 35.3, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The main function of muscles is to support the locomotion or movement of an organism. The muscle fibers collectively form the “muscular system.” This system generates the force necessary for the motility of the organism.
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Which of the following is NOT correct regarding muscle contraction?
O Ca++ in the sarcoplasm returns to the nucleus to be stored
ATP needs to be present for muscle relaxation
A neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction
ATP needs to be present for muscle contraction
Skeletal muscle will be released in its contracted (rigor) state when:
Group of answer choices
ATP is hydrolyzed into forming ADP and inorganic phosphate.
ATP binds to the myosin head.
ADP is dissociated from the myosin head.
ATP binds to the actin G-molecule.
Muscle contraction can occur when: is it 1,2,3,4?
A bands lengthen.
myosin filaments shorten.
sarcomeres shorten.
I bands remain unchanged
Chapter 35 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.2 - Rigor mortis is the condition that occurs shortly...Ch. 35.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 2BCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.2 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 35.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 35.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 35 - Prob. 1TYCh. 35 - Which, if any, of the following is not a function...Ch. 35 - Prob. 3TYCh. 35 - Prob. 4TYCh. 35 - Prob. 5TYCh. 35 - During cross-bridge cycling, binds to _________,....Ch. 35 - Prob. 7TYCh. 35 - Prob. 8TYCh. 35 - Prob. 9TYCh. 35 - Prob. 10TYCh. 35 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 35 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 35 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 35 - Discuss the structure and function of the two...Ch. 35 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Skeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a. calcium ions b. ATP c. arrival of a nerve impulse d. all of the abovearrow_forwardFigure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the myosin head. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the actin active site. The power stroke occurs when Ca2+ binds the calcium head.arrow_forwardWhy do you think a person is able to perform anaerobic exercise (such as lifting and holding a heavy weight) only briefly but can sustain aerobic exercise (such as walking or swimming) for long periods? (Hint: Muscles have limited energy stores.)arrow_forward
- We control muscle force using motor unit recruitment. When we recruit more motor units, what is happening at the organ/cell/molecular level? more myofibrils within a muscle cell are activated more muscle cells are excited the rate of crossbridge cycling is increased the number of myosin heads bound to actin within a muscle cell is increased more Ca++ is released into the cyoplasm of the muscle cellarrow_forwardIndicate which of the following are true. Chronically shortened muscles will lose sarcomeres in series in order to maintain ideal amounts of myofilament overlap. Contractile force is proportional to the length of a muscle. Muscle organ contraction is all or nothing. Muscle cells are surrounded by an endomysium. Actin is the thick filament and Z-lines are where the cross-bridges zig-zag to adjacent actin filaments. Muscles with fewer motor units are weaker, i.e., capable of less force. A nerve impulse, calcium, and ATP are necessary for muscle contraction. Tendons attach bones to bones and help to limit the range of motion at joints. Muscle tissue is very dynamic and will respond to chronic stress by becoming stronger (making more myofilaments), chronic contraction by becoming shorter (losing sarcomeres in series), and stretching by becoming longer (adding sarcomeres in series). Myofilaments are actually long strands of proteins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly states the importance of an action potential to muscle contration? The SR will only release Ca2+ if it has been electrically stimulated. Sarcomeres require a negative electrical charge to start sliding. Actin and myosin must be electrically charged to create a cross-bridge. ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pi without an action potential.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT true of fast oxidative skeletal muscle fibers? O All of the above describe fast oxidative muscle fibers There muscle fibers are surrounded by a high number of capillaries There muscle fibers contain many mitochondria There fibers can be converted to slow oxidative fibers during periods of no training There is a high myoglobin content in these types of fibersarrow_forwardClassify characteristics of skeletal muscle energy metabolism by dragging each statement to its correct metabolic pathway for ATP synthesis. Allows time for the other two pathways to increase their ATP production Reaction is catalyzed by creatine kinase Blood glucose and fatty acids become fuel for this pathway after 10 minutes of exercise Lactic acid is a waste product produced by this pathway Rapid means of forming ATP during the first few seconds of muscle contraction Very rapid, requiring only a single enzymatic reaction Produces ATP used during moderate, prolonged levels of muscular activity This pathway requires oxygen Produces a significant fraction of ATP during high-intensity Produces ATP from glucose quickly in the absence of охудen Uses glycogen broken down into glucose during the first 5-10 minutes of moderate exercise Produces only small quantities of ATP for each metabolized glucose molecule exercise Oxidative Phosphorylation Creatine Phosphate Glycolysis Resetarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? Fast glycolytic fibers have a small diameter. Fast glycolytic fibers contain loosely packed myofibrils. Fast glycolytic fibers have large glycogen reserves. Fast glycolytic fibers have many mitochondria.arrow_forward
- Which type of muscle fiber uses large amounts of oxygen and has rich supplies of myoglobin? slow oxidative fast oxidative glycolytic fast glycolytic O eccentricarrow_forwardWhich of the following happens within the sarcomere during muscle contraction? The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin filaments bidirectionally towards the Z lines. The myosin filaments shorten. The actin filaments shorten. The H bands and I bands both increase in width.arrow_forwardThe following list of events take place during a muscle contraction. Place the events in chronological order as they relate to a muscle contraction. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Myosin heads bind to actin. An action potential arrives at the axon terminal of a motor neuron. Calcium binds to troponin, displacing tropomyosin and exposing myosin head binding sites on actin. Myosin heads undergo power stroke and actin slides over myosin towards M line of sarcomere. Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction.arrow_forward
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