Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 34.2, Problem 2CC
WHAT IF? Ø In several different animal lineages, organ- isms with a head first appeared around 530 million years ago. Does this finding constitute proof that having a head is favored by natural selection? Explain.
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WRITE ABOUT A THEME: Organization You have seenmany examples of how form fits function at all levels of thebiological hierarchy. However, we can imagine forms thatwould function better than some forms actually found innature. For example, if the wings of a bird were not formedfrom its forelimbs, such a hypothetical bird could fly yet alsohold objects with its forelimbs. In a short essay (100–150words), use the concept of “evolution as tinkering” to explainwhy there are limits to the functionality of forms in nature.
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Hi! I am interested in getting some help with this question.
This spectacular animal is a Lesser Bird of Paradise, Paradisea minor, from the highlands of Papua New Guinea.
In the context of various evolutionary phenomena we have discussed this semester, why do you suppose:
(a) This bird is confined to New Guinea and two nearby islands? Why would you not expect to find it in the mountains of Borneo?
(b) This spectacular tail presumably attracts predators; why hasn’t natural selection acted to reduce it or camouflage it?
Chapter 34 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 34.1 - Identify four derived characters that all...Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.1 - VISUAL SKILLS Based on the phylogenetic tree...Ch. 34.2 - How are differences in the anatomy of lampreys and...Ch. 34.2 - WHAT IF? In several different animal lineages,...Ch. 34.2 - WHAT IF? Suggest key roles that mineralized bone...Ch. 34.3 - What derived characters do sharks and tuna share?...Ch. 34.3 - Describe key adaptations of aquatic gnathostomes.Ch. 34.3 - draw it Redraw Figure 34.2 to show four lineages:...Ch. 34.3 - WHAT IF? Imagine that we could replay the history...
Ch. 34.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.4 - Some amphibians never leave the water, whereas...Ch. 34.4 - WHAT IF? Scientists think that amphibian...Ch. 34.5 - Describe three key amniote adaptations for life on...Ch. 34.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.5 - Identify four avian adaptations for flight.Ch. 34.5 - VISUAL SKILLS Based on the phylogeny shown in...Ch. 34.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Develop a hypothesis to explain...Ch. 34.7 - Identify some characters that distinguish hominins...Ch. 34.7 - Provide an example in which different features of...Ch. 34.7 - WHAT IF? Some genetic studies suggest that the...Ch. 34 - Describe likely features of the common ancestor of...Ch. 34 - Identify the shared features of early fossil...Ch. 34 - How would the appearance of organisms with jaws...Ch. 34 - Which features of amphibians restrict most species...Ch. 34 - Explain why birds are considered reptiles.Ch. 34 - Describe the origm and early evolution of mammals.Ch. 34 - Vertebrates and tunicates share (A) jaws adapted...Ch. 34 - Living vertebrates can be divided into two major...Ch. 34 - Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials...Ch. 34 - Which clade does not include humans? (A)synapsids...Ch. 34 - As hominins diverged from other primates, which of...Ch. 34 - Which of the following could be considered the...Ch. 34 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 34 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT As a consequence of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 34 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This animal is a...
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- Which observation is NOT an evidence for Darwin's theory of common descent? O There are biogeographic patterns in the distributionof species, for instance distinct bird species on an island tend to resemble. O There are common stages in the early embryological development of organisms representing several distinct vertebrate groups. O Anatomical structures, such as forelimbs, in different groups appear to be modified versions of structures that might have been present in a common ancestor. O Due to innate drive to improve, parts that are extensively used becomes larger and stronger and passed on to the next generation as seen on fossil records.arrow_forwardhat I Can Do The evolution of man is one of the most fascinating discussion and discovery in the field of science. Humans as the race that have dominated the Earth and seem to be at the center of it have evolved greatly. Observe the illustration on the left. The common ancestor of the primates like chimpanzees and humans might look like a primitive primate with four limbs on which the forelimbs are used to hang on trees. After some time, the emergence of humans has marked a great change on the history of life on Earth. In your point of view as a senior high school STEM student, are humans still evolving? Provide evidences for your answer.arrow_forward5 2 nts 3 Help Save & Exit Review the discussion of evolution and Investigating Life 1.1. Which of the following statements is/are most likely true? (Select all that apply.) 80 A Check All That Apply Moths that could smell the nectar at the bottom of the orchid saw the need for a longer tongue, so they grew one that reached the nectar and passed on the longer tongue to their offspring. Moths that could smell the nectar at the bottom of the orchid mated with females that had longer tongues so that their offspring might have a chance to reach the nectar At least one moth species has always been able to reach the nectar of the orchid. Moths with longer tongues are more likely to have access to the orchid nectar and are therefore more likely to survive to reproduction. 000 F4 Orchids with deeper nectaries are more likely to have moths rub against their pollen, and are therefore more likely to reproduce than orchids with shallow nectaries. % Saved 8 F7 DII FB F9 what does evolution ofarrow_forward
- This spectacular animal is a Lesser Bird of Paradise, Paradisea minor, from the highlands of Papua New Guinea. In the context of various evolutionary phenomena, why do you suppose: (a) This bird is confined to New Guinea and two nearby islands? Why would you not expect to find it in the mountains of Borneo? Explain in detail. (b) This spectacular tail presumably attracts predators; why hasn't natural selection acted to reduce it or camouflage it? Explain in detail.arrow_forwardC) How might sexual selection lead to exaggerated morphology or behavior? (D) and how might natural selection affect the evolution of these exaggerated traits?arrow_forwardINTERPRET DATA Which of the primates in Figure 18-18 is the most distantly related to humans? Explain your answer. Figure 18-18 Differences in DNA nucleotide sequences as evidence of evolutionary relationships Comparing the same gene in different organisms provides a window into evolution. Here the differences in the non-protein-coding region of the -globin gene are compared between humans and other primates. Evolutionary biologists are rapidly expanding such studies from comparing one or several genes to comparing entire genomes.arrow_forward
- Species Embryo (A-F) Describe the Anatomical Changes from Early to Late Stages Human Chicken Rabbit Tortoise Salamander В Fish A Guide Questions: 1. Look again at the six embryos in their earliest stages. Describe the patterns you see. What physical similarities exist between each of the embryos? 2. Does this suggest an evolutionary relationship? Explain how these embryos can be used as evidence of a common ancestor between each of these six organisms.arrow_forward1 - Consider natural selection and biocultural evolution. Why do you think anatomically modern humans were more reproductively successful than other contemporary hominins? Or were they? 2 - Why do you think such a small portion of Neandertal or Denisovan DNA exists in the gene pool of modern humans? Why not more? 3 - How might have anatomically modern humans avoided waiting tens of thousands of years for advantageous mutations to pop up that would allow them to adapt to all of these new environments they encountered as they dispersed across the Old World? What might have been a faster way for them to adapt to these environments that the groups who were already in the region had already adapted to? 4 - How does admixture between different regionally adapted populations increase a species chances of survival? 5 - How might the removal of a regionally adapted population make a species more susceptible to extinction?arrow_forwardEvolution Question: Who are the fossils “Ardi” and “Lucy”? Elaborate on the roles each played in the reconstruction of human evolutionary history?arrow_forward
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