The conversion of 5 − h y d r o x y t r y p t o p h a n to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where − C O C H 3 group is introduced to a compound. Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where − C H 3 group is introduced to a compound. Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where − C O 2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas. Th e re are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan. 1. Tryptophan to 5 − H y d r o x y t r y p t o p h a n 2. 5 − H y d r o x y t r y p t o p h a n to Serotonin 3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin 4. Serotonin to Melatonin

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

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Answer 5

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 6

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 7

Chapter 28.5, Problem 25.10P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of 5−hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin is whether an acetylation, a methylation or a decarboxylation reaction has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Acetylation: It is a type of reaction where −COCH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Methylation: It is a type of alkylation reaction where −CH3 group is introduced to a compound.

Decarboxylation: It is a type of reaction where −CO2 group is removed from a compound and released as carbon dioxide gas.

There are several steps for the synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

1. Tryptophan to 5−Hydroxytryptophan

2. 5−Hydroxytryptophan to Serotonin

3. Serotonin to N-Acetylserotonin

4. Serotonin to Melatonin

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 28.1 - While thinking about how a messenger molecule and...Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 28.2P Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 28.3P Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 28.4P Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 28.5P Ch. 28.3 - Prob. 28.6KCP Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 28.7P Ch. 28.4 - Look at the structure of thyroxine shown earlier...Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 28.1CIAP Ch. 28.4 - Prob. 28.2CIAP

Solution Summary: The author explains the steps for synthesis of melatonin from tryptophan.

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Chapter 28 Solutions