Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 27.2, Problem 1SB
What is the evidence that the metamonads, which lack mitochondria, derive from ancestors that had mitochondria rather than from ancestors that were in lineages that never contained mitochondria?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Under the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of the eukaryotic cell. The ancestor of mitochondria and chloroplasts original became part of mutualism with a larger host cell. Which of the following best explains this mutualism?
A) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided specialized reproduction as part of the proto-germ line while the larger host cell provided energy for growth and reproduction.
B) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided gene products that could be used by the larger host cell for improved parasitization.
C) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided molecular energy in return for protection by the larger host cell.
D) The mitochondria and chloroplasts produce toxins that the larger cell utilized to defend itself from other cells mutually increasing the defense of all those involved.
1. Why was the great oxygenation event important for mitochondrial development?
a) In your own words, define symbiotic.
2. Chloroplasts and mitochondria both contain a circular DNA chromosome, and ribosomes. Why does this evidence support the theory of endosymbiosis as the mechanism for the origin of eukaryotic cells?
a) Today, could mitochondria live independently of their eukaryotic cell host? Give two pieces of evidence to support your answer.
a) Describe some characteristics and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.b) How do the three domains of life differ from one another?c) Two of the organelles in eukaryotes, the mitochondrion and the chloroplast are believed to haveoriginated through a process of symbiosis. Discuss some of the theories of the origins ofmitochondria and chloroplasts
Chapter 27 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 27.1 - What distinguishes protists from prokaryotes? What...Ch. 27.2 - What is the evidence that the metamonads, which...Ch. 27.2 - In primary endosymbiosis, a nonphotosynthetic...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is a characteristic of...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is not found among the...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 27 - When Paramecium conjugate: a. cytoplasmic division...Ch. 27 - The group Diplomonadida is characterized by: a. a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYK
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The endosymbiotic hypothesis for the origin of chloroplasts from gram-negative prokaryotes is supported by all of the following lines of evidence except: the presence of enzymes for the light-dependent and the dark reactions of photosynthesis the presence of circular DNA resembling that of photosynthetic eubacteria the presence of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA similar to that of the cyanobacteria their use of mitosis rather than binary fission during cell division the presence of 70s ribosomes, consisting of 30s and 50s ribosomal subunitsarrow_forwardWhat role did the increase of atmospheric oxygen by prokaryotes play in the development of the endosymbiotic relationship between protoeukaryotes and mitochondria?arrow_forwardThe theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was first proposed by the biologist Lynn Which of the following statements provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis? 1. All the genes found in chloroplasts are homologous to genes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell. 2. Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes. 3. Proteins need a targeting sequence to be imported into a chloroplast. 4. Mitochondria can generate a proton gradient and harness it to synthesize ATP. O A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.arrow_forward
- What evidence supports the hypothesis that mitochondria preceded plastids in the evolution of Eukaryotes cells?arrow_forwardDNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a euglenid, a plant, and an unidentified protist suggest that the unidentified species is most closely related to the diplomonad. Further studies reveal that the unknown species has fully functional mitochondria. Based on these data, at what point on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 did the mystery protist’s lineage probably diverge from other eukaryote lineages? Explain.arrow_forwardVolvox carteri, an volvocine alga, has approximately 2000 somatic cells and only 16 reproductive or germ line cells. The observation that multicellular individuals, like Volvox, have a much smaller subset of germ line cells compared to somatic cells appears to be general rule. Which of the following is the best evolutionary explanation for why this is the case? A) Organisms can biologically only contain a small number of germ line cells as they are always larger than somatic cells. B) Multicellular individuals with a germ line vs. somatic cell line differentiation only evolved a single time, thus all members of this lineage share the same scheme of more soma cells with a much smaller subset of germ line cells. C) Having a smaller subset of reproductive cells helps reduce the likelihood of cheating from evolving, which in turns prevents the collapse of the multicellular individual system. D) None of the above.arrow_forward
- Describe the features of mitochondria and chloroplasts that support the endosymbiotic theory.arrow_forwardA scientist discovered a new group of unicellular organisms that lack mitochondria but possess an organelle related to the endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in energy production. The scientist hypothesizes that this organelle might be a missing link in the evolution of mitochondria. A) Do you agree with this hypothesis? Explain. B) Based on the available evidence, what is the most likely hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria? Provide four pieces of evidence to support this theory and justify why they are valid.arrow_forward50) Some protists, formerly united as the ʺamitochondriateʺ clade, have recently been shown to be rather diverse. Some of them possess neither mitochondria nor mitochondrial genes (and have been classified as fungi). Others possess no mitochondria, but do have mitochondrial genes in their nuclear genome. Still others have modified mitochondria (viz. mitosomes or hydrogenosomes). Which statement(s) represent(s) consequences of these recent findings? 1. The amitochondriates do not comprise a true clade. 2. The ʺamitochondriate hypothesisʺ concerning the root of the eukaryotic tree has been strengthened. 3. Just as there is a diversity of cyanobacterial descendants among eukaryotes, so too is there a diversity of alpha-proteobacterial descendants among the eukaryotes. 4. If the amitochondriate organisms continued to be recognized as a taxon, this taxon would be polyphyletic. 5. Horizontal gene transfer involving mitochondrial genes has occurred in some amitochondriate organisms. A) 1 only…arrow_forward
- In the late 1960s (and since), Lynn Margulis (and others) provided considerable evidence for the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of various organelles in eukaryotic cells.What is the endosymbiotic theory? Which two eukaryotic organelles were proposed to have arisen as endosymbionts? What evidence did Margulis present to support each organelle as an endosymbiont?arrow_forwardThe concept of endosymbiosis as applied to chloroplast and mitochondria found in eukaryotes: a) is based on evidence that Chloroplasts and Mitochondria were originally prokaryotes, b) changes present day animals into plants, c) explains how chemical evolution caused the appearance of life, d) allowed chloroplasts to carry out aerobic metabolism, e) all are true.arrow_forwardWhat is one argument against the idea that the nucleus has also become part of a eukaryotic cell via an endosymbiosis event?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Discovering the tree of life | California Academy of Sciences; Author: California Academy of Sciences;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjvLQJ6PIiU;License: Standard Youtube License